纳米结构ZnO在TiO_2薄膜上的电化学沉积及其表征

在三电极体系中,以硝酸锌水溶液作为电解液,采用阴极还原电沉积法成功实现了一维纳米结构ZnO阵列在TiO2纳米粒子/ITO导电玻璃薄膜基底上的沉积,并通过XRD、SEM、EDS和PL光谱等方法对样品进行了表征.重点研究了薄膜基底、电解液浓度、沉积时间、六次亚甲基四胺(HMT)的引入对ZnO沉积及其发光性质的影响.结果显示:与ITO玻璃基底相比,ZnO更易于在TiO2纳米粒子薄膜上实现电化学沉积.ZnO属于六方晶系的铅锌矿结构,并且沿着c-轴方向表现出明显的择优化生长,以形成垂直于基底的ZnO纳米棒阵列.延长沉积时间、增加电解液浓度和引入一定量的HMT等均对ZnO的生长有促进作用,进而使其纳米棒的结晶度和取向程度提高,进而解释了所得的薄膜分别约在375和520nm处表现出ZnO的强而窄的带边紫外光发射峰和弱而宽的表面态绿光发射带.     

基于马氏距离的最终执行元件功能安全失效表征

针对现有最终执行元件功能安全失效分析方法未能切实考虑实际工况的不足,提出了一种基于马氏距离的最终执行元件功能安全失效表征方法。预先获取各状态下最终执行元件的工况参数,构建样本空间,计算其中各样本的马氏距离;其次对马氏距离进行Box-Cox变换,使其满足正态分布后,由3σ准则确定各状态的阈值,构建最终执行元件的失效表征模型;最后利用所设计的检测系统检测工况参数,构建样本向量,通过所构建的失效表征模型实现最终执行元件功能安全失效表征。仿真实验和现场实验结果表明,本文方法能够准确识别出最终执行元件的功能安全失效,为其失效分析提供了一种新的方法。     

SHRIMP zircon U-Pb ages and tectonic implications for Indosinian granitoids of southern Zhuguangshan granitic composite,South China

The large southern Zhuguangshan granitic batholith composite consists of granites with ages varying from the Caledonian through Indosinian to Yanshanian. Based on K-Ar dating data, the ages of the major parts of this composite were previously regarded as Yanshanian. In this study, the SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating method has been adopted for six plutons, Ledong, Longhuashan, Dawozi, Zhaidi, Baiyun and Jiangnan, in the southern Zhuguangshan composite, in which the four plutons other than Baiyun and Jiangnan were previously regarded as Yanshanian granites. Magmatic zircons from these six plutons, dated by this study, have yielded ages of 239±5 Ma (MSWD = 2.5), 239±5 Ma (MSWD = 2.5), 239±2 Ma (MSWD = 1.7), 239±4 Ma (MSWD = 3.2), 231±2 Ma (MSWD = 0.81) and 231±3 Ma (MSWD = 1.8), respectively. The results indicate that these plutons were formed by early Indosinian magmatism. Geochemical characteristics suggest that these granites were formed in an extensional tectonic environment. Therefore, the Indosinian period granites in the southern Zhuguangshan composite were formed by partial melting of the Paleo-Mesoproterozoic crustal components during the collapse of thickened lithosphere after the collision between the South China and Indosinian plates.     

微生物发酵乙醇浓度在线检测模型及其应用

利用半导体气敏传感器,结合气液平衡关系原理,提出了一种微生物发酵乙醇浓度在线检测模型的建立方法。该方法利用LM(Levenberg-Marquardt)算法对模型进行参数辨识,建立了液体乙醇浓度和测量电压信号两个物理量之间直观的非线性对数模型,并采用虚拟仪器技术实现了该模型算法。将模型应用于谷胱甘肽发酵中乙醇浓度的检测,实验与分析表明了该模型的有效性,检测绝对误差小于0.1%,重复性好,能够很好地满足微生物发酵工程应用需求。     

基于非参数回归的发酵过程软测量建模

为了对发酵过程进行检测并分析发酵中产物的浓度,提出一种基于非参数回归的发酵过程软测量方法。该方法直接利用未经处理过的历史数据,采用多维窗宽选择方法确定窗宽,通过计算待估计点与历史数据库中其他时刻点数据的距离来确定该时刻点的权值,从而达到软测量建模的目的,并将其用于青霉素发酵过程产物浓度的测量。实验研究表明,所得软测量模型精度较高,能够有效地实现对青霉素发酵产物浓度的估计。     

Development and validation of an immunochromatographic assay for rapid multi-residues detection of cephems in milk

A one-step immunochromatographic assay (ICA) was developed for the detection of seven kinds of cephems in milk. Polyclonal antibodies (PcAb) with group-specific to cephems were raised in rabbits after immunization with cephalexin-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) conjugate. The specificity of anti-sera was determined by indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA), and the 50% inhibitions (IC₅₀) of cephalexin and cefadroxil were obtained at 1.5 ng mL⁻¹; IC₅₀ of cefatiofur, cefapirin, cefazolin, cefalothin and cefotaxine were 4, 3.7, 3.2, 4.5 and 5 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. The PcAb against cephems were conjugated to colloidal gold particles as the detection reagent for ICA strips to test for cephems. This method achieved semi-quantitative detection of cephems in <5 min, with high sensitivity to cephalexin and cefadroxil (both 0.5 ng mL⁻¹). At the same time, cefatiofur, cefapirin, cefazolin, cefalothin and cefotaxine were detected at <100 ng mL⁻¹ in spiked processed-milk samples. This method was compared with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay by testing 40 milk samples, and the positive samples were validated by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method, with an agreement rate of 100% for both comparisons. In conclusion, the method was rapid and accurate for the multi-residue detection of cephems in milk.     

基于容差动态调整的旋转门(SDT)改进算法

提出了一种基于容差动态调整的旋转门(SDT)改进压缩算法,该算法通过在数据压缩过程中,根据相近两个压缩区间的标准差对容差进行动态调整,并记录在压缩区间内对压缩精度影响较大的原始数据点,实现了压缩率的提高,压缩误差的降低。应用结果表明,该算法与标准的SDT算法相比,压缩率可以提高0.10%,而压缩精度却提高了56.7%。     

基于虚拟仪器技术的过程实时数据管理系统研究

针对流程工业过程实时数据的高效管理问题,提出了一种基于虚拟仪器技术的过程实时数据管理系统设计方法,给出了系统的体系结构;构建了一种基于Hash二叉树的改进型数据查询和索引结构,该结构提高了实时数据访问和索引的效率。通过基于ADO.NET的接口程序和数据压缩模块实现了对历史数据的管理。实验测试表明,该系统在处理实时数据方面具有高度的稳定性和可靠性。     

基于样本稀疏化高斯过程的发酵过程软测量建模方法

提出了一种基于样本稀疏化高斯过程(GP)的发酵过程软测量建模方法。该方法将聚类和灰色关联度分析相融合,综合考虑样本点间欧式距离和各个特征向量对样本点间相似度的影响,通过剔除相似度比较大的样本点,实现训练样本集的稀疏化,降低了模型的计算复杂度。利用基于样本稀疏化的高斯过程构建青霉素发酵过程的软测量模型,同时得到青霉素浓度的预估值和表征预估值的不确定度,实验结果表明,本文所提方法与标准GP方法相比,在保证模型预测精度的前提下,减少了模型的训练时间。     

基于高斯性检验的自适应小波去噪方法

针对软阈值和硬阈值去噪算法存在的缺陷，提出了一种基于高斯性检验的自适应非线性阈值去噪方法。该方法根据信号和噪声的模极大值特性自适应确定分解层数，引入高斯性检验选择软阈值和硬阈值方法对每层小波系数进行降噪处理。仿真结果表明，该自适应滤波方法简单有效、稳定性高，去噪后信号信噪比得到很大提高，且不同仿真信号结果都明显优于经典的小波去噪算法。