中子单粒子效应研究现状及进展

回顾了中子单粒子研究的国内外发展情况,介绍了近几年西北核技术研究所在西安脉冲堆开展的低能中子单粒子效应研究进展。比较了稳态与脉冲工况下中子单粒子效应的异同性;分析了含有SRAM结构器件随着特征尺寸的减小,中子单粒子效应敏感性加剧的物理机制。分析认为目前中子单粒子效应已成为小尺寸大规模互补金属氧化物半导体器件的主要中子效应表现;中子辐射效应研究中,除了位移损伤效应以外还必需重视由中子电离造成的中子单粒子效应。     

Realizing variable contrast technique in MRC measuring target using integrating sphere

In order to realize variable contrast in the minimum resolvable contrast (MRC) measuring target in the visible imaging system, a novel technique is presented, which adopts two integrating spheres to illuminate two sides of target respectively and the different contrasts can be achieved by regulating the luminance in two integrating spheres. This technique can make the contrast be regulated more conveniently. Based on this technique, the MRC measuring device is developed. This device can be used in all kinds of trial fields. The expanded uncertainty of measuring MRC is less than 3%.     

植被双向反射分布函数的模型及其发展

介绍了双向反射分布函数(BRDF)的概念和反映植被特性的归一化植被指数(NDVI)、增强植被指数(EVI)、差值植被指数(DVI)等一些重要指数参数。评述了近年发展起来的植被BRDF模型的构建方法,例如统计反演方法,MODIS植被指数合成法和集合卡曼滤波法(EnKF)。分析了目标表面BRDF数据的获取方法和改进的驱动核算法。对BRDF模型的发展趋势进行了展望。     

锐钛矿型TiO2纳米粒子的形态对其光催化性能的影响

以异丙醇钛为钛源、三乙醇胺为稳定剂,采用凝胶-溶胶法通过改变体系的pH值合成了从颗粒状到棒状形态径向比逐渐增大的锐钛矿型TiO₂纳米粒子。通过不同形态的TiO₂在紫外灯下光催化降解阳离子型染料亚甲基蓝(MB)、孔雀石绿(MG)、罗丹明B (RB)与阴离子型染料甲基橙(MO)、刚果红(CR),探究TiO₂的形态对其光催化性能的影响。研究结果表明：随着棒状二氧化钛纳米粒子的径向比的增加,其对碱性阳离子染料的光催化活性随之升高,而对酸性阴离子染料的光催化活性则随之降低。在阳离子染料中对MG的降解率最为显著,紫外光照2 h内降解率可达100.0%;而在阴离子染料中对CR的效果最好,紫外光下照射2 h后的降解率可达68.0%。通过对比二氧化钛的形态,可见二氧化钛纳米粒子的各个晶面中c面所占比例大小决定了TiO₂纳米粒子的选择性吸附,从而影响其光催化性能,而其中同种类型染料的降解速率的不同与染料自身结构有关。     

Stray light suppression in BRDF measurement infrared optical system

A set of system based on personal computer for the bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) measurement was developed, whose laser wavelengths cover 0.6328, 1.34, 3.39, and 10.6 μm from visible to infrared. Stray light in BRDF measurement system was analyzed. It can be reduced and suppressed by the design of the system light path in BRDF measurement system, the choice of the measuring scheme, the processing to the optoelectronic signal, and the radiation control of the optical components and mechanical equipments. So the minimum measurable value of BRDF is less than 10-5/sr.     

依靠科技促进经济与社会持续发展──对巩义市竹林镇社会发展综合实验区的调查

竹林镇从改革开放以来，坚持抓工业促农业，积极发展第三产业，努力实现物质文明与精神文明建设协调发展。１９９５年社会总产值６．１亿元，人均纯收入３５００元，分别为１９９０年的１４倍和１．３倍，成为河南省先进乡镇之一。１９９５年经批准，晋升为国际级社会发展综合实验区。本文不仅介绍了竹林镇近期经济与社会发展的主要成就，而且，重点分析了＂九五＂经济社会发展规划和奋斗目标。     

Ⅱ型糖尿病人与大鼠红细胞拉曼光谱学比较

使用激光共聚焦拉曼光谱仪测量正常大鼠红细胞、正常人红细胞、糖尿病STZ造模大鼠红细胞、糖尿病四氧嘧啶造模大鼠红细胞和人Ⅱ型糖尿病红细胞的拉曼光谱,应用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)结合支持向量机(support vector machines,SVM)分类器对数据进行判别分析,然后采用类间距离判断两种造模方法与人Ⅱ型糖尿病的接近程度。结果发现糖尿病红细胞与正常红细胞的拉曼光谱存在明显差异,糖尿病在酰胺 ⅥCO变形振动谱带处峰高显著,并在酰胺ⅤN—H变形振动谱带处谱线出现偏移,属于磷脂的脂酰基C—C骨架1 130 cm-1谱线增强,1 088 cm-1谱线强度减弱,说明糖尿病红细胞膜的通透性增强。PCA结合SVM可以很好地区分以上5类红细胞的拉曼光谱,分类器测试结果表明分类准确度达100%。通过分别计算两种造模方法与人Ⅱ型糖尿病的类间距离,发现STZ造模法更接近人Ⅱ型糖尿病。由此得出结论：拉曼光谱法可以用于糖尿病诊断,大鼠糖尿病STZ造模法更接近人类Ⅱ型糖尿病。     

高速远程滑坡气垫效应的风洞模拟试验研究

将木质材料制成不同坡度、不同横断面形式的沟谷地形,通过大型风洞模拟试验,测定了地面效应影响下滑体凌空飞行时的空气动力学参数.风洞试验结果表明：沟谷地形对地面效应影响显著.地形圈闭效果越好,地面效应越明显,模型升力系数相对于平坦地形将成倍增加;模型离地高度越小,气垫效应越显著,但对平坦地形影响不明显;各沟谷地形下升阻比曲线变化基本相同,最大值均发生在飞行迎角8°左右.     

Design and experimental research of angle self-compensation setup for BSDF measurement

When using a single reference to measure the bi-directional scattering distribution function （BSDF）, the incident zenith angle of the tested sample must be identical to that of the reference. In order to get the hemisphere space scattering characteristic on the sample surface, usually a motor drives the sample tilting, then the incident zenith angle is changed and needs to be the compensated by another motor. We mathematically deduce the expression of compensation angle when the incident zenith angle is changed by the rotation of motor. After the incident angle is compensated, the scattering zenith angle and azimuth angle are deduced too. The uncertainty of the system is 0.75%. Scattering measurements are performed on copper sample with visible light under different temperatures.