Result of search for low velocity exotic particles

The L3＋C experiment, taking advantage of the L3 muon magnetic spectrometer, measured the spatial tracks of charged cosmic ray particles to obtain rigidity as well as velocity. One possible low velocity exotic particle is observed. The existing uncertainties are discussed, and the flux upper limit of the low velocity exotic particles from this observation is deduced based on the assumption of a null observation. The result is 6.2×10^-10 cm^-2·s^-1·sr^-1 at 90% confidence level in the velocity range from 0.04c to 0.5c.     

浅谈我国工伤保险基本制度

“《工伤保险条例》是在总结了我国工伤保险制度改革的成功经验，吸取了世界上其他国家工伤保险制度的先进理念，根据中国现实国情制定的，初步勾勒出了工伤预防一工伤赔偿一工伤康复三位一体的现代工伤保险制度框架。”但也应认识到得是，我国的工伤保险制度还处于起步阶段，制度本身仍不尽完善，在实际操作中存在诸多问题，建立完善、高效的工伤保险制度任重而道远。     

追踪宇宙“信使”冲击世纪谜题——高海拔宇宙线观测站简介

 宇宙线的研究具有悠久的历史,取得了许多划时代的发现性成果。但是人类对宇宙线的起源、加速和传播等问题仍存在诸多疑惑。大型高海拔空气簇射观测站（LHAASO）独具高海拔和大规模优势,计划利用多种探测手段开展联合观测,大幅提升对伽马和宇宙线粒子的鉴别能力。LHAASO有望获得史上最高的伽玛探测灵敏度,并在很宽的能量范围内精确测量宇宙线能谱,为宇宙线物理、高能天体物理、宇宙学和新物理学规律研究做出贡献。介绍了LHAASO的探测器结构、性能优势和科学目标。     

考虑随机过程影响的径迹重建

对L3宇宙线实验中μ子事例的动量重建方法进行了研究.在事例的重建中,考虑了某些影响径迹重建精度的因素,如磁谱仪内部磁场的非均匀性和仪器自身物质对粒子的多次散射等过程引起的误差.经过修正后的μ子事例的动量分辨有了显著的改善.     

DAMA实验新进展

DAMA实验正在意大利国家核子研究所（I.N.F.N.）的格朗萨索国家实验室（LNGS）运行.DAMA实验主要研究银河系银晕内的暗物质粒子.目前的DAMA/LIBRA采用的是250kg高放射性纯度的NaI（Tl）晶体,加上第一代实验DAMA/NaI（约100kgNaI（Tl）晶体）,DAMA实验已经积累了13个年周期的数据,总曝光量高达1.17ton·yr,观测到显著性为8.9σ的与模型无关的暗物质年调制信号,这是银河系银晕内存在暗物质粒子的证据.本文描述DAMA实验的设置运行情况以及近期主要物理结果.     

Geometry and optics calibration of WFCTA prototype telescopes using star light

The Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) project is proposed to study high energy gamma ray astronomy (40 GeV--1 PeV) and cosmic ray physics (20 TeV--1 EeV). The wide field of view Cherenkov telescope array, as a component of the LHAASO project, will be used to study the energy spectrum and composition of cosmic rays by measuring the total Cherenkov light generated by air showers and the shower maximum depth. Two prototype telescopes have been in operation since 2008. The pointing accuracy of each telescope is crucial for the direction reconstruction of the primary particles. On the other hand, the primary energy reconstruction relies on the shape of the Cherenkov image on the camera and the unrecorded photons due to the imperfect connections between the photomultiplier tubes. UV bright stars are used as point-like objects to calibrate the pointing and to study the optical properties of the camera, the spot size and the fractions of unrecorded photons in the insensitive areas of the camera.     

直接探测暗物质

 “暗物质”这个名字听起来有些神秘(其实还有听起来更神秘的“暗能量”,这超出了本文的范围。暗物质、暗能量并称为漂浮在当代物理学及天文学上空的两朵乌云)。从字面上来看,和暗物质对应的应该是“明物质”吧。虽然还没有人这么叫,但是其实“明物质”是对已知物质形态的一个很简单明了的形容,因为已知物质是由已知的基本粒子--夸克、轻子及其相互作用媒介子(包括光子、胶子、Z⁰、W^±以及尚未发现的引力子)--所构成的,这些基本粒子参与(或部分参与)四大相互作用--万有引力作用、电磁相互作用、弱相互作用和强相互作用,比如能发光或者发电,或者作用、衰变后的次级粒子能发光发电。光、电即电磁波和电流,实际是从宏观角度上说的,现代的探测器归根到底都是测光信号、电信号以及信号组成的径迹。     

来自γ暴的甚高能γ射线

以膨胀火球模型解释来自γ暴的甚高能γ射线,其中考虑了高能γ射线产生效率,相对论效应以及宇宙背景辐射等因素,计算表明,大于10GeV的γ射线的喷射可能在火球膨胀开始后约10^－5s发生,其到达地面时的通量可达10^－4—10^－6cm^－2.     

LHAASO启航，目标宇宙线起源——《LHAASO科学白皮书》解读

<正>一、百年之谜1912年,维克托·赫斯携带着自己设计的能够承受高空大气温度和气压变化的验电器,首先在维也纳的一片牧草地上测量了地面辐射强度,然后乘坐气球升到5300米的高空,测量到大气中的辐射强度是地面上的9倍,得出结论：高穿透力的辐射不是来自于地球,而是来自太空。13年后,     

Thermal neutron flux produced by EAS at various altitudes

The results of Monte-Carlo simulations of extensive air showers are presented to show the difference of the hadronic component content at various altitudes with the aim to choose an optimal altitude for a PRISMA-like experiment. The CORSIKA program for EAS simulations with QGSJET and GHEISHA models was used to calculate the number of hadrons reaching the observational level inside a circle of 50 m radius around the EAS axis. Then the number of neutrons produced by the hadronic component was calculated using an empirical relationship between the two components. We have tested the results with the ProtoPRISMA array at sea level, and recorded the neutrons which are consistent with the simulation results.