超高功率超短脉冲发展的现状及相关科学问题

超高功率超短脉冲激光系统在其聚焦焦点附近可以实现高达1022-24 W/cm2的峰值功率输出,为强场物理实验研究,以及实验室内模拟极端环境下的天体物理条件提供了直接的实现方案.自从国际上首次提出了建造EW激光的概念,即输出总功率达到1018 W的大型激光系统后,国际上很多国家都在设计和建造大规模的超高功率超短脉冲激光系统.本文简要介绍了国际上这种规模激光系统的发展状况,并结合国内超高功率高能超短脉冲激光的发展,对超高功率超短脉冲激光系统发展中相关技术问题进行阐述.     

Highly transparent ceramics for the spectral range from 1.0 to 60.0μm based on solid solutions of the system AgBr-AgI-TlI-TlBr

The article is devoted to the technology for obtaining optical ceramics of Ag Br-Tl I and Ag Br-Tl Br_0.46I_0.54 systems and manufacturing samples with different compositions.The new heterophase crystal ceramics are transparent without absorption windows in the spectral range from 1.0 to 60.0μm.In the ceramics’transparency spectra based on the Ag Br-Tl I and Ag Br-Tl Br_0.46I_0.54 systems fusibility diagrams,with an increase in the thallium halides mass fraction,as well as the replacement of the bromine ion with iodine,the maximum transparency shifts to a long infrared region.     

微管道中纳米流体流动及热辐射

利用Debye-Hückel线性化近似理论得到微管道内的电势分布,通过修正的Navier-Stokes方程和能量方程研究了纳米流体的流动及辐射传热问题.得到了电动宽度K、辐射热参数Nr、焦耳热参数S以及纳米粒子的体积分数φ对纳米流体速度、温度及努赛尔数(Nusselt number)的影响.结果表明纳米粒子的加入显著地影响流体的电动效应及热辐射效应.     

A modern approach to the solution and analysis of the Simha-Somcynsky model for the description of pressure-volume-temperature properties of polymer fluids

We revisit the Simha-Somcynsky model of polymer fluids with the purpose of developing novel theoretical and computational approaches to simplify and speed up its solution as well as the fitting of experimental data, and decrease its level of mathematical complexity. We report a novel method that allows us to solve one of the two equations of the model exactly, thus putting the level of mathematical difficulty on a par with the one of other models for polymer fluids. Moreover, we describe a computational algorithm capable of fitting all five parameters of the model in an unbiased way. The results obtained reproduce literature results and fit experimental pressure-volume-temperature and solubility parameter data for three polymers very accurately. Moreover, the new techniques allow for the investigation of the model at very low temperatures. Unexpectedly, the model predicts behaviors that could be interpreted as a glass transition, as routinely observed in dilatometry and differential scanning calorimetry, and a glass phase. We compared the predicted and experimental T g’s for cis poly(1,4-butadiene) and found an excellent quantitative agreement.     

一种基于图和聚类的关键词自动提取方法

目前基于图的关键词提取算法,都只考虑了文章中词语和词语之间的关系,而忽视了句子的影响.而且这些关键词提取算法,忽略了文章中存在多个话题对关键词提取的影响.新方法基于词语-词语、词语-句子、句子-句子的3种关系建立了3个图.在传统基于图的算法上更多地考虑了句子的影响,并且创新地使用聚类的方法在文章中找出涉及的所有话题,相应地提取关键词来覆盖全部话题.实验结果显示改进后的关键词提取算法相较于传统算法在提取效果上有很大的提高.     

正交试验优化手性镍催化不对称反应条件研究

用正交试验法优化手性镍催化二乙基锌对α，β不饱和酮的不对称麦克尔加成反应条件，优化后的不对称麦克尔加成反应的一般条件为：低温(近反应溶剂冰点)，常压，非质子非极性溶剂(环己烷)．     

研究性学习在高三教学中的实践与尝试--例析椭圆定义的教学

“素质教育轰轰烈烈 ,应试教育扎扎实实”,这是对长期以来的中学教育的真实写照 .特别是高三教学 :三年的内容二年光 ,三轮复习不可少 .第一轮 ,基础复习 ;第二轮 ,专题复习 ;第三轮 ,综合训练 .前二轮是学生被教师牵着走 ,后一轮是“熟能生巧”、低效高耗的题海战 .在这一轮又一轮的复习中 ,教师是越俎代疱 ,过度干预 ,忙于猜题押题 ;学生是既没头绪 ,又没有主动 ,只是埋头做题 ,穷于应付 .因此 ,使素质教育在严峻的就业、升学竞争面前 ,只好“望试兴叹”.那么 ,怎样才能走出应试教育的怪圈 ?或者说怎样才能反其道而行之 :在扎扎实实的应试…     

ON A PAIR OF NON-ISOMETRIC ISOSPECTRAL DOMAINS WITH FRACTAL BOUNDARIES AND THE WEYL-BERRY CONJECTURE

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