超薄宽带平面聚焦超表面及其在高增益天线中的应用

针对相位梯度超表面在灵活操控电磁波与提高天线增益中的潜在应用,提出一种新型的宽带超表面单元,实现了在较宽频带范围内操控电磁波波前与提高天线增益.本文首先设计了一种圆环十字形对称单元来控制反射波的相移量,单元厚度为1 mm,尺寸为0.3λ_0(λ_0=20 mm),工作频段15—18 GHz,而后验证了由该单元组成的相位梯度超表面在15—18 GHz范围内对电磁波的奇异反射与聚焦特性.最后将设计的反射聚焦超表面应用于提高天线增益中,仿真与测试结果均表明,天线最高增益在15—18 GHz内平均增加了11 d B且-1 dB增益带宽为15—18 GHz(相对带宽为18.2%).由于厚度薄、重量轻、频带宽,设计的该单元拓展了相位梯度超表面在微波领域的应用,有望为高增益天线的实现提供新的方法.     

超构表面设计及其应用

超构表面作为二维形式的超构材料,在分界面处可以对透射、反射电磁波产生特定的相位分布,因此能够灵活调控电磁波前。超构表面的低剖面二维平面结构,在电磁调控领域具有广泛的应用前景,一系列的超构表面应用应运而生。主要介绍了超构表面的设计发展以及其应用,主要包括天线应用、RCS减缩、特殊波束、有源超构表面等4个方面。首先,在天线应用方面,超构表面可用于实现高增益透镜和极化转换功能;其次,从吸波型和散射调控型2种不同工作机理的角度介绍了应用于RCS减缩的超构表面;然后,针对特殊波束,主要介绍了超构表面在涡旋波束和全息成像中的应用;最后,从加载不同有源原件的角度分析有源超构表面的发展,并未来超构表面发展值得深入研究的方向。     

Single-layer broadband planar antenna using ultrathin high-efficiency focusing metasurfaces

Phase gradient metasurfaces(PGMS) offer a fascinating ability to control the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic(EM) waves on a subwavelength scale, resulting in new applications of designing novel microwave devices with improved performances. In this paper, a reflective symmetrical element, consisting of orthogonally I-shaped structures, has been demonstrated with an approximately parallel phase response from 15 GHz to 22 GHz, which results in an interesting wideband property. For practical design, a planar antenna is implemented by a well-optimized focusing metasurface and excited by a self-designed Vivaldi antenna at the focus. Numerical and experimental results coincide well. The planar antenna has a series of merits such as a wide 3-d B gain bandwidth of 15–22 GHz, an average gain enhancement of 16 d B, a comparable aperture efficiency of better than 45% at 18 GHz, and also a simple fabrication process. The proposed reflective metasurface opens up a new avenue to design wideband microwave devices.     

我国IPO市场的周期性行为研究:1994-2010

对IPO冷热周期内的时变波动特征首次建立区制转换GARCH模型加以有效描述,以及用计数数据分位数回归模型研究发行数量和发行到上市持续期的关系。通对1994年1月至2010年8月间我国A股IPO市场新股的实证研究得到若干新结论:上市首日收益率和发行到上市的持续期是发行数量的诱因,导致这三个描述IPO行为主要变量的周期行为之间存在相位差;发行到上市的持续期的降低对发行数量的增加有积极地促进作用;除了发行数量在淡季状态波动持续性较强外,其他变量在淡旺季的波动持续性均较弱;旺季时(调整后的)上市首日收益率、发行数量的波动方差比淡季时大,而发行到上市的持续期则相反;我国A股IPO发行市场的淡旺季周期的形成主要受到IPO发行政策、宏观经济环境、投资者情绪的影响控制。     

紧凑型复合左右手传输线电磁特性

提出了基于正六边形互补开口单环谐振器对的紧凑型复合左右手传输结构和其等效电路模型。通过对结构参数的仿真分析,明确了该型传输线的作用机理,实现了对谐振频点和带宽的操控;设计的传输线在4GHz处实现了左右手的无缝连接,其-10dB阻抗带宽达到了1.85GHz(3.61~5.46GHz),相对带宽达到了40.8%;采用转移参数矩阵与Bloch-Floquet理论对电路模型进行了深入分析,电磁仿真模型、等效电路模型和测试结果的高度一致性证明了等效电路模型的合理性与有效性;并提取了等效电磁参数模型,验证了该结构的负折射率与后向波传输特性。     

Ultra-thin circularly polarized lens antenna based on single-layered transparent metasurface

Circularly polarized(CP) lens antenna has been applied to numerous wireless communication systems based on its unique advantages such as high antenna gain, low manufacturing cost, especially stable data transmission between the transmitter and the receiver. Unfortunately, current available CP lens antennas mostly suffer from high profile, low aperture efficiency as well as complex design. In this paper, we propose an ultra-thin CP lens antenna based on the designed singlelayered Pancharatnam–Berry(PB) transparent metasurface with focusing property. The PB metasurface exhibits a high transmissivity, which ensures a high efficiency of the focusing property. Launched the metasurface with a CP patch antenna at its focal point, a low-profile lens antenna is simulated and measured. The experimental results show that our lens antenna exhibits a series of advantages including high radiation gain of 20.7 dB, aperture efficiency better than 41.3%, and also narrow half power beam width(HPBW) of 13°at about 14 GHz. Our finding opens a door to realize ultra-thin transparent metasurface with other functionalities or at other working frequencies.     

Ultra-thin two-dimensional transmissive anisotropic metasurfaces for polarization filter and beam steering application

We propose an anisotropic planar transmitting metasurface, which has the ability to manipulate orthogonally-polarized electromagnetic waves in the reflection and refraction modes respectively. The metasurface is composed of four layered rectangular patches spaced by three layered dielectric isolators each with a thickness of 0.15λ0 at 15 GHz. By tailoring the sizes of the patches, the metasurface functions as a band-stop filter for the y-polarzied wave and a band-pass filter for the x-polarized wave operating from 14 GHz to 16 GHz. Moreover the phases of the transmitting x-polarized wave can be modulated at about 15 GHz, which contributes to beam steering according to the general refraction law. Experimental results are in good accordance with the simulated ones, in which the reflection efficiency is almost 100% while the transmission efficiency of the x-polarized wave reaches 80% at 15 GHz. Besides, the transmitted x-polarized wave is effectively manipulated from 14 GHz to 16 GHz.     

一种小型化电负超材料单元在微带天线阵解耦中的应用

提出了一种小型化电负波导超材料单元,深入研究了其电磁特性,并通过MATLAB编程提取了它的本征参数,证明了其电负特性。根据其在电负频段谐振产生阻带这一特性,设计了一款工作在WIMAX(3.5 GHz)的2单元微带天线阵。与参考天线阵相比,加载超材料单元的天线阵互耦下降了8.3 dB,天线间距缩小为λ/14(λ为天线在自由空间工作波长),并且天线阵的远场辐射性能还有所提高。因此,该新型电负波导超材料单元在设计高性能天线阵方面具有广阔应用前景。     

Application of Ultra-Compact Single Negative Waveguide Metamaterials for a Low Mutual Coupling Patch Antenna Array Design

A novel ultra-compact single-negative waveguide metamaterial （WG-MTM） based on a complementary anti- parallel-spiral line （CAPAL） is proposed and investigated by circuit model analysis, electromagnetic simulation and extraction of the effective parameters. The cell is ultra-compact with dimensions of λ0/22.08 × λo/22.08, which advances a step further toward homogenized concept. Two band-gaps attributing to the negative permeability and negative permittivity appear when the CAPAL-WG-MTM cells response to the time-varying perpendicular E-field and parallel H-field, and thus a high decoupling efficiency is obtained. Mutual coupling reduction of about 8.27dB is realized by inserting 7 ×1 CAPSL-WG-MTM cells between two closely placed antenna elements with an edge-to-edge separation of only λ0/19.23. Moreover, the radiation characteristics are improved for both the patch element and the antenna array. A higher front-to-back ratio is obtained for the patch element and an increase of 0.64dB for the gain of the antenna array by using the CAPAL-WG-MTM structure.