利用射频反射技术从硅基量子计算机中读取自旋信息

导论将量子计算的想法变成实用的技术是当前科技领域的一大挑战,利用变化的电磁场来操控硅晶体管中的电子,是一个较为可能的实施方法。在本题中,我们尝试利用射频反射法和单电子晶体管(以下简称SET)从硅基量子计算原型机读出量子比特。本文第一部分与第二部分讨论无线电波在电缆中的传输,第三部分探究了无线电波的反射条件,第四部分介绍了SET,第五部分与第六部分介绍了射频反射技术以及优化方法。     

电子政务的安全现状及安全需求

本文通过对电子政务系统安全威胁、政务系统安全风险及我国电子政务建设面临的安全问题等几方面进行阐述,全面分析了电子政务的安全现状及安全需求,最后提出了电子政务系统必须实现的信息安全目标。     

核天体反应直接测量中的γ加和谱解析方法

带电粒子辐射俘获反应是核天体物理的主要研究内容之一,对了解恒星核合成过程具有重要意义．由于恒星温度（伽莫夫窗口）下这些反应的截面极小,γ射线产额非常低,实验需要结合高效率的γ加和探测技术进行测量．本文基于贝叶斯理论和相关分析程序,发展了一种对加和型γ探测阵列能谱的解析方法,并利用该方法对锦屏深地核天体物理实验项目测量的实验数据进行分析,验证了该解析方法的有效性,并显著减小了γ加和峰探测效率的误差,进一步提高了γ加和探测技术的测量精度．      

Neutron Spectroscopic Factors of ^7Li and Astrophysical ^6Li（n,γ）^7Li Reaction Rates

Angular distributions of the ^7Li（^6Li, ^6Li）^7Li elastic scattering and the ^7Li（^6Li, ^7Lig.s.）^6Li, ^7Li（^6Li, ^7Li0.48）^6Li transfer reactions at Ec.m. = 23.7 MeV are measured with the Q3D magnetic spectrograph. The optical potential of ^6Li ＋ ^7Li is obtained by fitting the elastic scattering differential cross sections. Based on the distorted wave Born approximation （DWBA） analysis, spectroscopic factors of ^7Li =^6Li n are determined to be 0.73 ± 0.05 and 0.90 ± 0.09 for the ground and first exited states in ^7Li, respectively. Using the spectroscopic factors, the cross sections of the ^6 Li（n, γ0,1）^7 Li direct neutron capture reactions and the astrophysical ^6Li（n, γ）^7 Li reaction rates are derived.     

Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)共掺的硅酸盐玻璃上转换发光性能

采用高温熔融法制备了掺杂不同比例Yb~(3+)和Tm~(3+)的硅酸盐玻璃。吸收光谱表明,Yb~(3+)和Tm~(3+)在300~1 100 nm的吸收过程彼此不干扰。研究了玻璃样品在980 nm LD泵浦下的上转换发光行为,结果表明:Yb~(3+)/Tm~(3+)在477 nm(1G4→3H6)发射强烈的上转换蓝光,在654 nm(1G4→3F4)发射较弱的红光,在795 nm(3H4→3H6)发射微弱的红外光。提高Yb~(3+)的比例均能够提高477 nm蓝光、654 nm红光和795 nm红外光的发射强度。研究分析了上转换发光强度与激光器泵浦功率之间的关系,结果表明上转换蓝光和红光发射均为三个光子过程,红外光发射为两个光子过程。分析了Yb~(3+)、Tm~(3+)在硅酸盐玻璃中上转换发光的机制。     

r-过程路径核β——衰变半衰期的估算

分析了20 < A < 190范围内丰中子核β衰变的实验数据,根据半衰期随质子数、中子数以及衰变能变化所呈现的壳效应和对效应等特点,提出了一种有效估算丰中子核β衰变寿命的公式。新的计算公式形式简单包含了较少的参数、计算量小。用该公式能较为准确地再现丰中子核的β衰变半衰期。用RIKEN最新测量丰中子核半衰期检验了该公式的外推能力,本工作可以为r-过程研究提供可靠的输入数据。Experimental data of the β--decay half-lives for the nuclei with atomic number between 20 and 190 are investigated. We have systematically studied the shell effects and pairing effects on β--decay half-lives versus the decay energy Q and nucleon numbers (Z, N). An empirical formula has been proposed to calculate the β--decay half-lives of neutron-rich nuclei. The empirical formula is simple and has relatively few parameters. Experimental β--decay half-lives of the neutron-rich nuclei are well reproduced by the new formula. In addition, the extrapolating capacity of this formula has been checked with the very recent experimental data from RIKEN. The predicted half-lives for r-process relevant nuclei with the current formula can be served as the reliable input of r-process model calculations.     

用长气体靶研究22Na+α共振散射

在日本东京大学CRIB 次级束装置上,用长气体靶开展了22Na+ α共振散射的厚靶实验研究。针对长气体靶实验中的两体运动学重构问题,提出了一套包括构建空间复杂几何关系、计算能量损失以及反应运动学的逐事件分析方法;对22Na+α共振散射的实验数据进行了重构分析,得到了E_c.m. = 4.2 ~ 5.4 MeV 区间22Na( α,α ) 的激发函数,从实验的激发函数中观测到了复合核26Al 5 个较为明显的共振峰。鉴于26Al 共振态的衰变模式比较复杂,本工作发现的26Al新共振态的能级性质有待进一步的理论分析。The 22Na+α resonant scattering is studied via a conventional thick target inverse kinematic method with an extended gas target. A data analysis method is proposed for the two-body reaction kinematic reconstruction, in which the spatial geometry, the reaction kinematics and the energy losses are considered. The experimental data of 22Na+ αresonant scattering have been thus reconstructed, and the excitation function is obtained in the energy interval of Ec.m. =4.2~5.4 MeV. Five resonant states in 26Al are observed in the experimental excitation function. Since several decay modes coexist for the observed 26Al resonant states, multi-channel theoretical analysis is thus needed to reveal their structure and decay features.     

New experimental measurement of natSe(n, γ) cross section between 1 eV to 1 keV at the CSNS Back-n facility

The ⁷⁴Se is one of 35 p-nuclei, and ⁸²Se is a r-process only nucleus, and their (n, γ) cross sections are vital input parameters for nuclear astrophysics reaction network calculations. The neutron capture cross section in the resonance range of isotopes and even natural selenium samples has not been measured. Prompt γ-rays originating from neutron-induced capture events were detected by four C₆D₆ liquid scintillator detectors at the Back-n facility of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The pulse height weighting technique (PHWT) was used to analyze the data in the 1 eV to 100 keV region. The deduced neutron capture cross section was compared with ENDF/B-VIII.0, JEFF-3.2, and JENDL-4.0, and some differences were found. Resonance parameters were extracted by the R-matrix code SAMMY in the 1 eV-1 keV region. All the cross sections of ^natSe and resonance parameters are given in the datasets. The datasets are openly available at http://www.doi.org/10.11922/sciencedb.j00113.00019.     

基于遗传算法和神经网络的远程减速机故障诊断系统的设计

通过对减速机故障形式的分析,采用BP神经网络建立故障诊断模型,利用遗传算法优化神经网络权值、阈值、网络结构,将遗传神经网络模型应用到远程减速机的故障诊断的设计中,比较单一的神经网络和遗传神经网络的训练误差曲线,得出遗传神经网络在训练速度和准确性上远远高于神经网络训练模型。     

按最小外接圆法评定圆度误差的快速方法

本文提出了一个按最小外接圆法评定圆度误差的算法。本文证明了该算法是正确的且单调递增收敛的。该算法概念清楚,模型简单,因而易于计算机实现。几个实际零件圆度误差的评定显示了该算法的正确,准确和耗时极少。