不同热端温度对低温热电制冷试验箱制冷性能的影响

为优化低温热电制冷试验箱的制冷效率及降低其冷热端温差,理论计算了热电制冷片热端温度为56.18℃和27.31℃时电流、电压、冷热端温差对试验箱制冷性能的影响。建立了三维数学传热模型,模拟了3种热电制冷片布置方式对制冷箱温度分布的影响。结果表明：当热端温度由56.18℃降至27.31℃时,低温热电制冷试验箱的制冷量由150.2 W降至139.5 W,制冷系数由4.41降至3.09,冷凝温度由-22.30℃降至-41.90℃。可见,热电制冷片热端温度的降低能够获得更低的冷凝温度,较高的热端温度拥有较好的制冷性能。     

In-situ growth of a CdS window layer by vacuum thermal evaporation for CIGS thin film solar cell applications

Highly crystalline and transparent CdS films are grown by utilizing the vacuum thermal evaporation （VTE） method. The structural, surface morphological, and optical properties of the films are studied and compared with those prepared by chemical bath deposition （CBD）. It is found that the films deposited at a high substrate temperature （200 ℃） have a preferential orientation along （002） which is consistent with CBD-grown films. Absorption spectra reveal that the films are highly transparent and the optical band gap values are found to be in a range of 2.44 eV-2.56 eV. Culnl_xGaxSe2 （CIGS） solar cells with in-situ VTE-grown CdS films exhibit higher values of Voc together with smaller values of Jsc than those from CBD. Eventually the conversion efficiency and fill factor become slightly better than those from the CBD method. Our work suggests that the in-situ thermal evaporation method can be a competitive alternative to the CBD method, particularly in the physical- and vacuum-based CIGS technology.     

一种两级复叠式低温冰柜的实验研究

以研制工作在-80℃温区的低温设备为目标,搭建了一个两级复叠式蒸气压缩制冷循环低温冰柜,其中高温级循环采用R404A作制冷剂,低温级循环采用R23作制冷剂,两级复叠运行时可在-80℃提供冷量,且系统运行稳定。这种两级复叠式低温冷柜结构简单,在低温医学等方面有较好的应用。文中在合理简化的基础上对试验结果进行了分析,并提出了改进的措施。