几种菌类美容化妆品的配方和制备

灵芝、茯苓等菌类中含有多种美容成分,可按以下方法提取,并制成各种美容化妆品。 1 水提取法 先将干菇碎成粗大颗粒,加10倍量的清水,在50～70℃下抽取3h,然后在低温下静置24h。过滤处理后往滤液中加等量乙醇,搅拌,低温静置2～3天,让不溶性物充分沉淀。上清液分离后添加1wt％硅藻土,搅拌10min,过滤,滤汁为菌类水提取液。 2 乙醇提取法 将干菇粉碎成细小颗粒,用4～6倍量的乙醇在一定温度下浸渍,过滤抽提液,并在40～50℃、真空度2×10~3～4×10~3Pa下蒸发浓缩,除去乙醇后即可得生产美容化妆品用浸膏。如需     

有色金属材料的LCA定量评价模型

本文提出一种有色金属材料LCA定量评价方法———综合比例系数法。该法根据金属元素的环境特征、实际提取冶金过程、社会功能和生物效应等要素,确立了纯金属的环境负荷定量计算原则并求出其相对环境负荷,而后由此计算金属材料的环境负荷比例系数;再根据推导出的模型计算出金属材料的环境负荷定量值。该模型数学原理可靠,公式运用简便。通过对ZL110和ZA8两种不同材料的LCA实例定量评价可知,该法是目前一种能较为客观、地定量计算有色金属材料环境负荷大小的方法。     

A density functional theory study on the adsorption of CO and O₂ on Cu-terminated Cu₂O（111） surface

The adsorptions of CO and O2 molecules individually on the stoichiometric Cu-terminated Cu2O(111) surface are investigated by first-principles calculations on the basis of the density functional theory.The calculated results indicate that the CO molecule preferably coordinates to the Cu2 site through its C atom with an adsorption energy of -1.69 eV,whereas the O2 molecule is most stably adsorbed in a tilt type with one O atom coordinating to the Cu2 site and the other O atom coordinating to the Cu1 site,and has an adsorption energy of -1.97 eV.From the analysis of density of states,it is observed that Cu 3d transfers electrons to 2π orbital of the CO molecule and the highest occupied 5σ orbital of the CO molecule transfers electrons to the substrate.The sharp band of Cu 4s is delocalized when compared to that before the CO molecule adsorption,and overlaps substantially with bands of the adsorbed CO molecule.There is a broadening of the 2π orbital of the O2 molecule because of its overlapping with the Cu 3d orbital,indicating that strong 3d-2π interactions are involved in the chemisorption of the O2 molecule on the surface.     

有ITO透明导电膜的平面分层介质系统的电磁波性能理论研究

理论研究了有ITO(indium tin oxide)透明导电膜的多层平面分层介质系统的电磁性能，给出的理论曲线和实测曲线符合很好.多层平面分层介质系统的电磁性能与ITO膜(方块电阻为8Ω)所在界面位置和平面分层介质系统层数及各层厚度等有关.优化设计了一种含有ITO透明导电膜的厚度仅7.35mm的四层平面分层介质系统，其在8—18GHz频段内电磁波反射性能很好.作为多层平面分层系统中的ITO导电膜，其方块电阻应低于30Ω，并且越小，其反射性能越好. 关键词： 多层平面介质系统 电磁性能 ITO透明导电膜     

NiAl中空位迁移机制的计算机模拟

运用分子动力学方法采用F-S多体势函数从原子尺度上模拟了NiAl金属间化合物中单空位的迁移运动行为，认为空位随成分的变化而采取不同的迁移方式：成分在理想化合比附近空位迁移主要以六步循环方式进行，其中V_Al主要以直型［100］六步循环方式迁移，V_Ni以［110］型六步循环方式占优势；当成分偏离时在富Ni一侧空位迁移则以ASB方式占很大的优势.计算所得NiAl金属间化合物中单空位迁移激活能与实验值相符，从微观上合理地解释了NiAl金属间化合物淬火实验中较高淬火温度对 关键词：     

γ射线辐照对a-SiC:H薄膜结构与特性的影响

 采用射频（13.56 MHz）反应溅射方法制备a-SiC:H 薄膜，并将其在空气中进行高能γ射线(平均为1.25 MeV)辐照，5个样品的吸收剂量分别为0，2×10⁴，4×10⁴，6×10⁴，8×10⁴ Gy。采用拉曼及红外光谱对薄膜的结构进行表征,得到了其结构与特性的变化规律。研究与分析表明：随样品吸收剂量的增加，陷入空穴中的电子会被激发，a-SiC:H薄膜中的SiC成份增加，电阻率变小，数量级为105Ω·cm；薄膜存在结晶化的趋势,其主要原因在于由Si－O－Si键断裂而产生的Si取代膜中C－C键中的C而形成晶态SiC，在此过程中出现了Si－O－Si键及a-SiC:H的减少，晶态SiC的增加。经γ射线辐照后薄膜的氢含量降低，折射率从5.19增大到5.53，辐照后薄膜的透过率均低于原膜的透过率。在500~2 300 cm^-1(对应波长为20.00~5.29 μm)波段内，a-SiC:H薄膜存在一定的增透作用。     

An All-Thin-Film Electrochromic Device Composed of MoO3--LiBSO--NiOx Multilayer Structure

An all-thin-tilm （ATF） electrochromic device for modulating the optical transmittance is manufactured using magnetron sputtering. The devices consists of MoO3 as the main electrochromic layer, LiBO2 ＋Li2SO4 （LiBSO） as the ion conductor layer, and NiOx as the complementary electrochromic layer. Glass covered with indium tin oxide （ITO） is used as the substrate and the ITO film is used as the bottom electrode. The ITO film deposited on the top of the devices is used as the other electrode. The structure and morphology of the films are characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The devices exhibit good optical properties with low transmittance values in the coloured state, and the optical modulation is measured by spectrophotometer in the wavelength range from 400 to 800nm. The average visible light transmittance reaches 50.2% and 3.7% in bleached and coloured state, respectively. The results indicate that such a monolithic system has great potential to be applied in smart windows.     

长余辉发光玻璃SrAl2O4∶Dy, Eu的制备与发光性能研究

在低熔点破璃中掺杂一定量的长余辉发光粉制备了性能优良的长余辉发光玻璃。在保证发光玻璃均匀透明的基础上，发光性能随发光粉掺杂量的增加而增强，尽量降低假烧温度和减少保温时间可以保持良好的发光性能，在还原气氛制备的发光玻璃性能优于在空气中制备的。煅烧工艺对发光玻璃的微观结构有显著的影响。     

Raman properties embeddedof GaSb nanoparticlesin SiO2 films

The Raman shifts of nanocrystalline GaSb excited by an Ar^ ion laser at wavelengths 514.5, 496.5, 488.0, 476.5,and 457.9nm are studied by an SPEX-1403 laser Raman spectrometer respectively, and they are explained by phonon confinement, tensile stress, resonant Raman scattering and quantum size effects. The Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman spectra of GaSb nanocrystals strongly support the Raman feature of GaSb nanocrystals. The calculated optical spectra compare well with experimental data on Raman scattering GaSb nanocrystals.     

金属间化合物Ni_3Al和NiAl晶体中电子杂化态结构和结合能的计算及其脆性

用余瑞璜的“经验电子理论”的方法及结合能公式，计算了金属间化合物Ｎｉ３Ａｌ和ＮｉＡｌ的晶体中原子的杂化态电子结构及其结合能，并对这两种材料的脆性问题从电子结构的层次上进行了讨论