高压下某些导电高分子色散关系的研究

利用晶格动力学方法,研究在高压下几种导电高分子具有不同晶格链时的色散关系及其曲线的变化.链间耦合作用的减弱使横波与纵波的ω差值相应增大,且在BZ边界处拉开一个间隙,这是维度作用的结果.     

具有在位势的二维单原子晶格的色散关系

在简谐近似下,求解了具有在位势的二维单原子晶格振动的运动学方程并得到其色散关系,讨论了在位势、次近邻互作用常数等参数对二维单原子晶格振动影响的基本特点.     

重型车用柴油机植物油代用燃料试验

针对重型车辆作业中燃料可能出现短缺的问题,对三种植物油代用燃料的主要理化性质进行测试分析;并在150 mm缸径单缸柴油机台架上试验研究柴油机燃用植物油代用燃料的缸内燃烧及发动机性能变化状况。结果表明:常温条件下,两种食用油的运动黏度分别是柴油的14倍和17倍,而十六烷值仅为柴油的64%和73%;生物柴油十六烷值较高,着火性能好,但密度、黏度较高。植物油代用燃料运动黏度值在20～40℃温度区间内变化显著,在40～60℃区间内变化减缓。在标定工况下,单缸机燃用植物油代用燃料相比燃用柴油的缸压峰值下降,燃烧始点提前,放热持续期增长,最大压升率下降。在最大扭矩工况下,单缸机燃用植物油代用燃料燃烧始点推迟,预混合放热峰值较高,放热更加剧烈,最大压升率上升。单缸机在两种工况下燃用生物柴油的排温相比燃用柴油分别下降了13℃和19℃,燃用两种食用油的排温与柴油基本相当。柴油机燃用植物油代用燃料的最大功率及扭矩相比柴油下降,油耗率上升。其中,单缸机在标定工况下燃用生物柴油的功率降幅为7.78%,油耗率上升15.2%,变化最为显著。     

正压大气环流中的曲面周期波和孤波

大尺度正压大气环流的波动特征对理解气候变化具有重要的意义,而非线性浅水波方程组是描述大尺度正压大气环流的原始控制方程.本文对线性方程的复变函数解,通过二次适当的移植,求得浅水波方程组的发展方程的扰动位势的实变函数解,该实变函数解析解由基流项和波动项两部分组成.其中基流由波数、波速、β效应、变形半径和时间的任意函数共同决定;波动项与β效应有关.分析表明,在大尺度正压大气环流中扰动位势存在曲面的周期波和孤波的现象,周期波与孤波相互调制而呈现不稳定性;当多个周期孤波同时出现时,则彼此独立传播;扰动位势波动项中的时间任意函数对曲面周期孤波的波幅有调制作用,可控制波的产生、发展和消失.所得结果对研究大气波动现象和气候变化具有一定的理论参考价值.     

Dust acoustic waves in collisional uniform dense magnetoplasma

In order to study the characteristics of dust acoustic waves in a uniform dense dusty magnetoplasma system, a nonlinear dynamical equation is deduced using the quantum hydrodynamic model to account for dust–neutral collisions. The linear dispersion relation indicates that the scale lengths of the system are revised by the quantum parameter, and that the wave motion decays gradually leading the system to a stable state eventually. The variations of the dispersion frequency with the dust concentration, collision frequency, and magnetic field strength are discussed. For the coherent nonlinear dust acoustic waves, new analytic solutions are obtained, and it is found that big shock waves and wide explosive waves may be easily produced in the background of high dusty density, strong magnetic field, and weak collision. The relevance of the obtained results is referred to dense dusty astrophysical circumstances.     

聚乙烯振动谱的研究

将几种不同密度的聚乙烯看成具有二维晶格结构,利用晶格动力学的方法,考虑了链间耦合作用和链中单体间次近邻的相互作用,计算了其色散关系,模拟了相应的振动谱.讨论了随着密度从高到低,链间距从小到大,链间耦合作用逐渐减弱所产生的新的物理效应.     

Drift vortices in inhomogeneous collisional dusty magnetoplasma

For the sake of investigating the drift coherent vortex structure in an inhomogeneous dense dusty magnetoplasma,using the quantum hydrodynamic model a nonlinear controlling equation is deduced when the collision effect is considered.New vortex solutions of the electrostatic potential are obtained by a special transformation method, and three evolutive cases of monopolar vortex chains with spatial and temporal distribution are analyzed by representative parameters. It is found that the collision frequency, particle density, drift velocity, dust charge number, electron Fermi wavelength, quantum correction,and quantum parameter are all influencing factors of the vortex evolution. Compared to the uniform dusty system, the vortex solutions of the inhomogeneous system present richer spatial evolution and physical meaning. These results may explain corresponding vortex phenomena and support beneficial references for the dense dusty plasma atmosphere.