蒲石河流域下游河道最小生态需水量研究

以蒲石河下游河道为研究区域,以蒲石河抽水蓄能电站为例,采用Tennant法、90%保证率最枯月平均流量计算法和10a最枯月平均流量法,计算了蒲石河水电站下游河道的生态需水量.通过分析三种方法的计算结果,结合北方河流年内水量变化较大的特点,确定蒲石河抽水蓄能电站建成后的最小生态需水量为1.74m3/s.研究结果不仅可以为蒲石河抽水蓄能电站水资源合理调度和管理提供科学依据,也可以为流域生态的保护与恢复提供理论支持.     

四气门汽油机进气道流动特性的CFD分析

为提高某四气门汽油机的进气道性能,利用三维流体动力学软件AVL-Fire,模拟计算其稳流试验台的三维数值.通过对原气道的分析,发现结构不合理之处,并依据实际要求提出了改进方案,然后对新方案进气道重新模拟分析.结果表明,初步改进后的气道在流通特性上有明显的提高.     

Interaction between Breathers and Rogue Waves in a Nonlinear Optical Fiber

We study the interaction between breather and N-order rogue waves in a nonlinear optical fiber.The impacts of the relative phase and the interaction distance between breathers and rogue waves are discussed in detail.Specifically,the breather can reduce the maximum hump value of high-order rogue waves greatly in the cases of nonzero relative phase or nonzero interaction distance.The characteristic of exclusion between breathers and rogue waves is described qualitatively in the situation of different interaction distances,which can be used to change the temporal-spatial distribution of rogue waves.Their interaction properties are characterized by the trajectory of localized waves' valleys and humps.It is shown that the interaction changes the dynamical evolution trajectory of rogue waves and breathers.These results provide some possible ways to control high-order rogue waves.     

页岩气研究现状及发展趋势

页岩气是以吸附或游离状态为主要存在方式的天然气聚集,其吸附及解吸机理与煤层气类似.根据不同的成藏条件,可表现为典型的吸附机理、活塞运聚机理或置换运聚机理.页岩气的分布主要受页岩厚度、面积、有机质丰度、生气强度及页岩储集空间等因素控制.中国对页岩气的研究起步较晓,但经国内外页岩气藏的初步对比分析后发现,中国许多盆地与美国...     

水电工程库水响应下滑坡时空演化特征分析

伴随西部地区水电工程的蓬勃建设,水电站建成投运改变了岸坡原始的地质条件,库水位变化引起岸坡内动水压力与静水压力的变化,从而影响岸坡的稳定性。以往水库蓄水对岸坡作用往往通过野外地质调查及相应的工程地质分析进行,缺乏蓄水前与蓄水后的定量对比分析。本文采用多源信息观测手段,分析大渡河流域黄草坪变形体蓄水前、初蓄期及正常运行期各阶段斜坡变形破坏特征,研究成果表明：（1）黄草坪变形体为一处砂页岩倾倒变形体,并将变形体区域分为强变形Ⅰ区、弱变形Ⅱ、Ⅲ区;（2）黄草坪变形体于2015年10月水库蓄水后开始变形,Ⅰ区变形显著,每年汛期加剧变形,而汛期后监测点曲线变形速率减小,且库水位下降的历时曲线与变形曲线的波峰基本对应,但由于地下水相对库水下降滞后性,变形曲线的波峰相对汛期库水位下降的历时曲线有所延后。（3）黄草坪变形体的形成可概括为①岩体卸荷—倾倒变形发展阶段;②垂直层面的张裂隙扩展阶段;③蓄水过程坡前水位抬升,局部裂隙贯通破坏阶段;④水库运行过程中坡体宏观变形破坏阶段。本文研究成果可对类似水电工程地质灾害防治具有指导意义。     

Asymmetric W-shaped and M-shaped soliton pulse generated from a weak modulation in an exponential dispersion decreasing fiber

We study localized waves on continuous wave background in an exponential dispersion decreasing fiber with two orthogonal polarization states. We demonstrate that asymmetric W-shaped and M-shaped soliton pulse can be generated from a weak modulation on continuous wave background. The numerical simulation results indicate that the generated asymmetric soliton pulses are robust against small noise or perturbation. In particular, the asymmetric degree of the asymmetric soliton pulse can be effectively controlled by changing the relative frequency of the two components. This character can be used to generate other nonlinear localized waves, such as dark–antidark and antidark–dark soliton pulse pair, symmetric W-shaped and M-shaped soliton pulse. Furthermore, we find that the asymmetric soliton pulse possesses an asymmetric discontinuous spectrum.     

四气门汽油机工作过程的瞬态模拟计算

利用AVL - Fire软件,建立某汽油机的气道及缸内流动区域在进气、压缩和做功行程的动态网格,并在此基础上模拟计算三维数值,分析不同行程气道及缸内气体速度、湍流动能、温度和压力的分布情况,获得更详细的流场信息,为该汽油机的设计提供相关理论依据和参考.