企业科研社会责任的法律规制与自觉行动--基于新《公司法》精神解读

企业在国际潮流的推动和国内经济体制改革深化的背景下正成为科研主体,这与新<公司法>鼓励公司成为市场活动的主要力量相契合.企业社会责任正初步法律化,新<公司法>对此只做了导向性规定,企业科研活动应遵从社会责任导向.企业科研社会责任的有效承担需要法律规制,但更需要形成多方合力作用,以责任和谐和利益联结的制度安排发挥合力,最终促成企业自觉行动的意识和能力.     

衬底对Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜织构的影响

分别在苏打石灰玻璃、Mo箔、无择优取向的Mo薄膜以及(110)择优取向的Mo薄膜四种不同衬底上，采用共蒸发工艺沉积约2 μm厚的Cu(In,Ga)Se₂薄膜，用X射线衍射仪测量薄膜的织构，研究衬底对Cu(In,Ga)Se₂薄膜织构的影响.在以上四种衬底上沉积的Cu(In,Ga)Se₂薄膜的(112)衍射峰强度依次逐渐减弱，(220/204)衍射峰从无到有且强度逐渐增强.在苏打石灰玻璃和Mo箔衬底上的Cu(In,Ga)Se_{2关键词： 择优取向 Cu(In 2}薄膜')" href="#">Ga)Se₂薄膜 太阳电池     

武汉城市圈环境保护的对策研究——以环境友好型社会建设为契机

近年来,随着武汉城市圈经济的迅速发展,环境问题也日益凸显.在环境友好型社会建设的时代契机下,在环境发展权的理论支撑下,借助经济学外部性理论的分析,探索武汉城市圈环境保护的对策建设.对促进武汉城市圈资源节约型和环境友好型社会建设的实现具有重要的理论意义和现实意义,同时对保障经济持续、健康发展,提高人们的生活质量,促进人们的身体健康,实现社会、经济、资源、环境的多元和谐发展具有重要意义.     

对等性权利义务下的我国农业补贴法律制度研究

农业、农村经济的发展以及农民收入的增长是关系到国家和社会利益的一项重要事情，在当前的社会经济发展前提下，根据权利义务的对等性理念，分析农业的特性，得出农业具有先义务性，存在权利与义务非对等性的现象，以此揭示农业补贴得以存在的本质内涵，即弥补这种先义务性，寻求权利义务的数量等值，最后得出须通过建立完善的农业补贴法律制度，达到权利与义务的对等，保证正当权利的实现，使其获得正当利益，最终使社会正义得以体现。     

Mo Back Contact for Flexible Polyimide Substrate Cu（In,Ga）Se2 Thin-Film Solar Cells

A dc magnetic sputtering process is applied to growth of a Mo back. contact layer onto the flexible polyimide （PI） and rigid soda-lime glass （SLC） substrates. The structural and electrical properties of the Mo layer coated on the two kinds of substrates are investigated by x-ray diffraction （XRD） and Hall effect measurements. The results show that the Mo layer on SLG indicate more better crystal quality and lower resistivity than that on the PI sheets. In contrast to the SLG substrate, the resistivity of the Mo layer on PI is increased by the vacuum annealing process at the substrate temperature of 450℃ under Se atmosphere, which is attributed to the cracked Mo layer induced by the mismatch of the coefficient of thermal expansion between PI and Mo material. The Cu（In,Ga）Se2 （CIGS） solar cells based on the PI and SLO substrates show the best conversion efficiencies of 8.16% and 10.98% （active area, 0.2cm^2）, respectively. The cell efficiency of flexible CIGS solar cells on PI is limited by its relatively lower fill factor caused by the Mo back contact.     

Raman scattering of polycrystalline GaSb thin films grownby co-evapouration process

<正>This paper reports that GaSb thin films have been co-deposited on soda-lime glass substrates.The GaSb thin film structural properties are characterized by Raman spectroscopy.The Sb-A_1g/GaSb-TO ratio decreases rapidly with the increase of substrate temperature,which suggests a small amount of crystalline Sb in the GaSb thin film and suggests that Sb atoms in the thin film decrease.In Raman spectra,the transverse optical（TO） mode intensity is stronger than that of the longitudinal optical（LO） mode,which indicates that all the samples are disordered.The LO/TO intensity ratio increases with increasing substrate temperature which suggests the improved polycrystalline quality of the GaSb thin film.A downshift of the TO and LO frequencies of the polycrystalline GaSb thin film to single crystalline bulk GaSb Raman spectra is also observed.The uniaxial stress in GaSb thin film is calculated and the value is around 1.0 GPa.The uniaxial stress decreases with increasing substrate temperature.These results suggest that a higher substrate temperature is beneficial in relaxing the stress in GaSb thin film.     

Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜太阳电池二极管特性的研究

本文采用线性拟合光态和暗态J-V(电流-电压)曲线的方法计算了不同效率的Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)薄膜太阳电池的二极管性能参数.在一定范围内,CIGS薄膜电池的二极管品质因子A和反向饱和电流J0值越小,电池的转换效率越高,这说明CIGS电池的复合主要发生在PN结区内.量子效率分析表明,不同效率的CIGS电池在短波区(λ<520 nm)的光谱响应相差不大,而在长波区(520～1100 nm),低效率电池存在很大的吸收,这是由低质量的CIGS吸收层造成的.这进一步验证了光-暗态J-V曲线的分析结果,即高质量的吸收层是制备CIGS电池的关键.     

多晶Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜太阳电池光强特性的研究

本文系统研究了Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)薄膜太阳电池在入射光强为10～100 mW/cm2范围内的性能参数.结果表明,随光强的减弱,CIGS电池的转换效率、填充因子、短路电流密度和开路电压等性能参数逐步衰减;电池参数与光强的依赖关系可明显划分为两个阶段:光强高于75 mW/cm2时,电池性能变化不大;当光强低于70 mW/cm2时,电池性能衰减明显.这是由于随着光强的降低,RS(串联电阻)值和RSH(并联电阻)值都在升高.其中,RSH值的增大使得CIGS电池的弱光特性变好,但较小的RSH值并不能弥补RS所导致电池性能的衰退.最后,发现高Ga含量的CIGS薄膜电池(8.7;)比低Ga含量(6.9;)的电池弱光特性好.     

The effect of composition on structural and electronic properties in polycrystalline CuGaSe2 thin film

Polycrystalline CuGaSe2 thin films on Mo-coated soda-lime glass substrates have been synthesized by coevaporation process from Cu, Ga and Se sources. Structural and electrical properties of the as-grown CuGaSe2 films strongly depend on the film composition. Stoichiometric CuGaSe2 is fabricated, as indicated by x-ray diffraction spectroscope （XRD） and x-ray fluorescence （XRF）. A two-phase region is composed of CuGaSe2 and Cu2-xSe phases for Cu-rich films, and CuGaSe2 and CuGa3Se5 phases for Ga-rich films, respectively. Morphological properties are detected by scanning electron microscope （SEM） for various compositional films, the grain sizes of the CuGaSe2films decrease with the extent of deviation from stoichiometric composition. Raman spectroscopy of Cu-rich samples shows that there exist large Cu-Se particles on the film surface. The results from Hall effect measurements for typical samples indicate that CuGaSe2 films are always of p-type semiconductor from Cu-rich to Ga-rich. Stoichiometric CuGaSe2 films exhibit relatively large mobility than any other compositional films. Finally, polycrystalline CuGaSe2 thin film solar cell with a best conversion efficiency of 6.02% has been achieved under the standard air mass （AM）1.5 spectrum for 100mW/cm^2 at room temperature （aperture area, 0.24cm^2）. The open circuit voltage of the CuGaSe2 solar cells is close to770 mV.     

CIGS薄膜太阳电池异质结的结构初析

本论文通过实验制备得到CuIn0.7Ga0.3Se2(CIGS)、CdS、ZnO三种半导体材料,然后根据这三种半导体的相关材料参数和实验数据,得出了它们形成异质结前后的能带图,并计算它们的能带边失调值ΔEC、ΔEV.其中,CdS/CIGS的导带边失调值ΔEc对高效率CIGS薄膜太阳电池的影响作用最大,为-0.298eV(高效电池的理想值范围为0～0.4eV),说明这对电池整体性能不是很好.