Applications of Enzyme-simulating Copper Complex Catalyst in Low-temperature Scouring/Bleaching of Cotton Knits

An enzyme-stimulating catalyst( PTL) with copper ions( Cu~(2+)) as the activation center and aminophosphonate as ligand was developed and applied in low-temperature scouring/bleaching of cotton knits. The optimal weight ratio of Cu~(2+) to aminophosphonate was 1 ∶75. Via orthodox and single-factor experiments,the most efficient formula for low-temperature scouring/bleaching was composed of 0. 4 g/L high-efficiency degreaser DM-1130,1. 5 g/L PTL,2. 0 g/L sodium hydroxide( NaOH),and 7. 0 g/L 30% hydrogen peroxide( H_2O_2). The PTL could not only increase the whiteness of cotton knits,but also remove pectin to enhance capillary effect.     

Environmental Friendly Route and Wool Shrink Proofing

The shrink proofing on wool with treatment of protease named Argaenzyme STL was studied. The various pretreating auxiliaries, different parameters for protease treating process and the effect of stabilizer were discussed in detail. The varieties of some properties before and after protease treatment were also investigated.     

钒氧化物纳米管的合成、结构及电化学性能

采用流变相-纳米自组装新方法合成了钒氧化物纳米管(VO_x-NTs),并通过XRD,SEM,TEM,Raman,ESR,TG-DTA,XPS及模拟电池等技术手段对产物的结构和性能进行了表征和测试.结果表明,产物主要由钒氧化物纳米管组成,纳米管长为1～10μm,直径为30～100nm.纳米管壁由3～10个VO_x层构成,层间距为3.53nm.Raman光谱反映了V-O的伸缩或弯曲振动,层状微结构的晶格振动及模板剂的有机基团振动.无明显精细结构的室温ESR谱证明了V⁴⁺的存在,根据TGA和XPS求得产物中V的平均化合价约为+4.30.VO_x-NTs正极材料初始充电容量达到404mA.h/g,放电容量为383mA.h/g,50次循环后放电容量衰减至180mA.h/g,可归因于充放电过程中VO_x-NTs正极材料在电解液中的溶蚀作用及复合电极中“孤岛效应”的产生.     

反应性抗菌整理剂的合成及其抗菌性能研究

本文以2,4,4′-三氯-2′-羟基二苯醚以及其磺化产物SDP为抗菌有效组分,合成了含一氯均三嗪活性基的反应性抗菌整理剂;并作了波谱分析(UV,IR,MS)和元素分析。这类抗菌整理剂可方便地用于纤维素纤维的抗菌整理,且整理后的织物具有优异的抗菌性能和耐洗坚牢度。例如:按AATCC-100法,经反应性抗菌整理剂2RSDP整理后的织物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和绿脓杆菌的减菌率分别达到98.5％,98.86％和96.67％;经60℃、100次以上皂洗其减菌率仍保持在90％左右。因而,具有实际应用、开发的价值。同时,本文也初步探讨了所合成的反应性抗菌整理剂的结构与抗菌性能关系。     

牛黄的付立叶变换红外光谱研究

用FT-IR法系统地研究了四种不同产地的天然牛黄与人工牛黄,证实了人工牛黄与天然牛黄不仅组份不同,而且元素组成也不一样。而各种天然牛黄的主要组份相近,但也在各组份含量上有着差别。在天然牛黄人发现有蛋白,并讨论了它的二级结构。 将天然牛黄与胆石做了对比,发现天然牛黄与某些类型的胆石的组成相似,这为用胆石代替牛黄做为药物提供了一个有价值的依据,因为天然牛黄是很稀缺的。     

Alkaline Hydrolysis to Reduce the AOX Concentrations in Effluents from Chlorination Treatment of Wool

Organic halogens generated in the chlorlnatlon treatment of wool are proven to be acutely toxic to human beings. Legislation on environmental pollution has become more and more stringent in recent years. So the chlorlnation treatment is faced with disuse. Alkaline hydrolysis is adopted to reduce the AOX (Absorbable Organic Halogen) concentrations in the effluents from the chlorlnatlontreatment under 40℃ and pH values 9, 10, 11 and 12. After treatment the reduction of AOX appears approximately 65%.     

The Synthesis of the Reactive Antibacterial Agents and Their Antibacterial Activities

A series of monochlorotriazine reactive antibacterial agents were synthesised by using 2,4,4' - trichloro -2' - hydroxydiphenyl ether as a starting material. The spectrum analyses (UV and MS) and elementary analy-ses were also carried out. These antibacterial agents can be used as the bacteria - resistance finishing agents of the cellulose fabrics. The treated fabrics possess excellent antibacterial activity and durable wash fastness. For ex-ample , the percentages of bacterial reduction of the fab-ric finished with reactive antibacterial agent 2RSDP are 98.5%, 98. 86% and 96.67% for Staphylococcus au-reus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginose re-spectively. After more than 100 times of washing at 60°C, the antibacterial activity still retains at a level of about 90% of the original. The relationships between the molecular structures of the reactive antibacterial finish-ing agents and their antibacterial activities are discussed.     

低温氧漂活化剂的制备与应用

为解决纯棉针织物练漂温度高、能耗大等问题,制备了能用于低温漂白的锰配合物MnⅡ(L) (ClO4)2(其中L为1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷),并研究了双氧水用量、配合物浓度、NaOH用量、练漂温度和练漂时间共5个工艺因素对漂白效果的影响.通过单因素试验和正交试验,得到优化的工艺条件:DM-1361用量为0.5 g/L,DM-1408用量为1 g/L,H2O2(35％)用量为8g/L,NaOH用量为6 g/L,配合物浓度为20 μmol/L,练漂温度为70℃,练漂时间为50 min,浴比为1∶10.结果表明:低温优化工艺整理后织物的白度和毛效略差于传统工艺,但达到服用要求；顶破强力与织物失重率均优于传统工艺.     

Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.     

电泳沉积法制备V2O5薄膜的结构和性能

将V2O5溶胶电泳沉积在ITO导电基片上制备V2O5薄膜.运用X射线衍射和扫描电镜对薄膜的结构进行分析,通过紫外-可见光透射光谱和循环伏安法分别测试其光学和电化学性能.实验结果表明,电泳沉积V2O5薄膜具有致密的显微结构,薄膜厚度均匀、与基片的粘附性很好;循环实验中,薄膜呈现黄色到绿色的可逆变化,最大的透射率变化达到30%左右;薄膜具有很好的注入/退出可逆性和循环稳定性,50次循环效率仍能达到88.02%,并且循环后的薄膜与ITO导电玻璃的粘附性仍然很好,没有溶解现象;应用交流阻抗法计算Li+在V2O5薄膜着色过程的扩散系数为5.10×10-12cm2/s,表明该薄膜可以作为电致变色材料得到应用.