转溶菌酶基因籼稻在湖南地区的抗稻瘟病研究

以转溶菌酶基因粳稻中花9号[ZH9(R)]与几个湖南地区目前生产上有广泛应用价值但感病的籼型杂交稻亲本9311、MH63、288、E32和PA64s进行一次杂交和多次回交转育,从各转育世代中选育出优良的抗病株系,进而配制新的杂交稻组合,以期获得优良杂交稻亲本新品系。试验结果表明,各转育后代发病情况均明显轻于对应籼稻亲本;在这5个品种中,MH63要优于其它几个亲本,其转育后代抗性和农艺性状也相对优良,且已基本趋于稳定;田间筛选到的353份优良单株的DNA样中检测到269个阳性样,阳性检出率达76.20%,对应田间的抗性表现,吻合率达94.05%。     

辐射育种研究概况及其在草坪草中的应用前景

介绍了辐射育种方面近年来所取得的成就及其在草坪草新品系选育中的展望。     

Studies of Improving the Frequency of Indica Rice Transformation by Biolistic Bombardment

In order to improve the frequency of indica rice transformation by biolistic bombardment,suitable culture conditions for embryonic calli,an optimal selection scheme for resistant calli and seedling,and optimum bombardment parameters a investigated by using 14 commercially important indica rice cultivars.The main results show that the CC medium with 36g/L mannitol is a scheme subculture medium in which the browning of indica rice calli can be mitigated significantly;The concentration of 30-40mg/L Hyg or 150-200mg/L G418 or 10-20mg/L Basta is suitable for selection of resistant calli;The transformation parameters of 100μg gold powder absorbing 0.2μg DNA per shot and 900 psi helium pressure and 6 cm bombardment distance and bombarded twice for each plate give the best result;Keeping the target calli on osmotic medium containing 60g/L mannitol from 12-24h before bombardment to 24-48h after it can increase the efficiencies of transformation.Furthermore,some transgenic indica rice plants are obtained using this optimized transformation system.     

Establishment of Genetic Transformation System for Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Obtaining of Its Transgenic Plants

The initiation and regeneration system for embryogenic callus of Miscanthus sacchariflrus is established at very high frequency. Potato proteinase Ⅱ (pin Ⅱ ) genes are introduced into the callus of Miscanthus sacchariflorus and some transgenic plants are obtained by the particle bombardment transformation system. PCR and Southern analysis show that target genes are integrated into the genome of these transgenic plants.     

几种水稻籼型恢复系和不育系离体培养和遗传转化的研究

对二系杂交水稻亲本籼型恢复系 2 88,198,112 5和籼型不育系株 1- s进行了离体培养和遗传转化的研究 ,建立了这些籼稻新品系的胚性愈伤组织高频诱导与再生系统及其基因枪转化系统 .它们的胚性愈伤组织诱导率分别可达 87.4 % ,90 .6% ,78.9%和 88.0 % ;其分化率分别可达 60 .0 % ,4 5 .8% ,4 6.9%和 60 .6% ;其基因枪转化率分别可达 16.69% ,2 .65 % ,2 .0 4 %和 10 .78% ,并获得了一批可育的水稻转基因植株     

几种冷季型草坪草辐射敏感性及其辐射育种半致死剂量的确定

几种常用的冷季型草坪草匍匐翦股颖、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草、草地早熟禾等共10个品种，用^60Coγ射线照射干种子，测定出苗率，通过对辐射剂量与出苗率的相关性分析表明，相对出苗率与剂量之间呈负相关，出苗率随辐照剂量的增加而降低，并计算出各品种的半致死剂量，由此划分草坪草品种的辐射敏感性，其中敏感型品种有1个，迟钝型有2个，中间型有7个。     

农杆菌介导转化水稻方法的改进

采用培矮64S和9311两种籼稻为材料,研究了影响农杆菌介导转化的几种因素．研究结果表明,预培养4d的幼胚最适宜作为农杆菌介导转化的受体,其次是来源于幼胚和成熟胚的生长状态良好的胚性愈伤组织．以AAM培养基作为共培养培养基,对于农杆菌EHA105（pUblm）来说,菌液浓度为OD600值=0．8时,愈伤组织的转化率最高．在农杆菌侵染愈伤组织过程中,通过负压处理可明显提高愈伤组织的转化频率．在愈伤组织浸染后,以含一定浓度的Ca^2＋和表面活性剂Tween20的溶液处理可明显提高水稻愈伤组织的转化频率．