流动环境中热水负浮力射流的近区特性分析

在对流动环境中平面热水负浮力射流进行数值模拟的基础上就近区特性进行分析,得到了不同排放角度和射流比下涡心和分离点位置等特征量的值.分析了水面上流速、温度、湍动能及其耗散率变化规律,对涡心断面上的动量方程和湍动能平衡进行了研究.计算结果分析发现回流区内湍动能最大值存在滞后的现象,浮力作用对时均量的影响较大,而对紊动量的影响则比较小.     

空化对叶顶间隙泄漏涡演变特性及特征参数影响的大涡模拟研究

利用大涡模拟方法及一个考虑气核效应的欧拉?拉格朗日新空化模型,对绕NACA0009水翼叶顶间隙泄漏涡(top-leakage vortex,TLV)及其空化流动开展了高精度的模拟,结果显示数值模拟与实验吻合较好.在此基础上进一步讨论了不同间隙大小对TLV空化的演变行为及其发生前后TLV强度、气核分布以及切向速度分布等特...     

多孔平面射流混合区流动的数值计算

用K-ε湍流模型和混合有限分析法,模拟均匀排列无限多孔平面射流混合区内的流动。计算了不同相对孔间间距对混合区内流动特性的影响,得到了一些重要的关系。所得结果较为理想,对研究均匀排列多孔射流的流动有一定的价值。     

平原农区工业化路径研究——以河南郸城县为例

如何在不牺牲农业的基础上实现工业化是我国农业地区经济发展面临的大问题。本文以河南省郸城县为例，探讨了郸城县在发展县域工业的过程中所采取的模式以及路径．得出郸城县的工业发展所取得的显著成就与其区域特色的发展路径是分不开的．对其他地区平原农区的县域工业发展具有一定的参考价值。     

BEHAVIOR OF OBSTRUCTED SQUARE BUOYANT VERTICAL JETS IN STATIC AMBIENT （Ⅰ）—— VERIFICATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL AND NUMERICAL METHOD

Some experiments were made for the buoyant jet from a square orifice with a square disc placed on it in static ambient and concentration along the axis in self-similar area behind disc was measured. And at the same time a three-dimensional mathematical model was established to simulate the whole flowing under different conditions. All the results predicted by the numerical calculation were substantiated by the experiments. The results were compared with experiential formula for obstructed round buoyant vertical jets in static ambient and it was found that the two concentration distributions had good accordance. Star shape of temperature isolines on cross-sections in the near areas from the disc was found and it was a very special figure for obstructed square buoyant vertical jets with a square disc. The shape will transform to concentric circles gradually alike to the round buoyant vertical jet in self-similar area with increasing of the distance from the disc.     

溃坝洪水演进的数值模拟

开发了溃坝洪水演进数值模型,对模型控制方程采用有限体积法进行空间离散,采用具有总变差减小特性的MacCormack预测-校正格式进行时间离散.采用非规则局部不连续网格划分计算区域,增强了模型对复杂地形的适应能力;具有总变差减小特性的数值格式使模型具备了强大的间断波捕捉能力,并消除了模型稳定性对人工黏性的依赖;基于单元属性与基于界面属性的动边界处理技术使模型能合理地模拟非恒定性强、干湿变动剧烈的水陆边界.实际算例表明：模型在强非恒定流状态下具有稳定性及守恒性,可作为溃坝洪水预报及其灾害防范的有力工具.     

强弯河道水流结构及离散特性研究

对180°强弯河道水流结构及离散特性进行了研究.采用三维多普勒超声流速仪(ADV)对强弯河道5个典型断面的流速场进行了量测,得到了各典型断面上的实测流速资料;进而采用改进的分区模型,分别对强弯河道的横向和纵向离散系数进行了研究.结果表明:在弯道进口段,凹岸附近水流受到限制,流速减小,凸岸附近水流流速增大,纵向剪切流速较大,故纵向离散系数较大,此时二次流尚未形成,横向掺混并不剧烈,所以横向离散系数还比较小.随着水流入弯的不断发展,弯道内二次流逐渐形成并不断增强,最大流速逐渐向凹岸转移,此时横向剪切逐渐增强,横向离散系数逐渐增大;而纵向剪切趋于平缓,纵向离散系数逐渐减小.在弯顶附近,二次流得到充分发展,横向离散系数达到最大值.在弯道下游段,二次流强度逐渐减弱,横向剪切流速减小,使得横向离散系数逐渐减小,此时最大流速转移到凹岸附近,流速分布变化趋于平缓,纵向剪切流速变化幅度较小,纵向离散系数基本趋于稳定.     

Similarity solutions of round jets and plumes

Theκ-εturbulence model,considering the effect of buoyancy on turbulentkinetic energy and its dissipation rate,is adopted to present a mathematical model forround plumes and jets.There are similarity solutions in the uniform environment.Taking into account the conservation of momentum and heat flux.Finite AnalyticMethod is applied to obtain the similarity functions of velocity,temperature andturbulent kinetic energy.The agreement between the calculated and experimental datais good.     

Velocity distribution of flow with submerged flexible vegetations based on mixing-length approach

By choosing a PVC slice to simulate flexible vegetation, we carried out experiments in an open channel with submerged flexible vegetation. A 3D acoustic Doppler velocimeter （micro ADV） was used to measure local flow velocities and Reynolds stress. The results show that hydraulic characteristics in non-vegetation and vegetation layers are totally different. In a region above the vegetation, Reynolds stress distribution is linear, and the measured velocity profile is a classical logarithmic one. Based on the concept of new-riverbed, the river compression parameter representing the impact of vegetation on river is given, and a new assumption of mixing length expression is made. The formula for time-averaged velocity derived from the expression requires less parameters and simple calculation, and is useful in applications.     

Two dimensional analytical solution for a partially vegetated compound channel flow

The theory of an eddy viscosity model is applied to the study of the flow in a compound channel which is partially vegetated. The governing equation is constituted by analyzing the longitudinal forces acting on the unit volume where the effect of the vegetation on the flow is considered as a drag force item, The compound channel is divided into 3 sub-regions in the transverse direction, and the coefficients in every region＇s differential equations were solved simultaneously. Thus, the analytical solution of the transverse distribution of the depth-averaged velocity for uniform flow in a partially vegetated compound channel was obtained. The results can be used to predict the transverse distribution of bed shear stress, which has an important effect on the transportation of sediment. By comparing the analytical results with the measured data, the analytical solution in this paper is shown to be sufficiently accurate to predict most hydraulic features for engineering design purposes.