电流强度对电渣重熔304不锈钢中夹杂物特征的影响

利用实验室规模电渣炉在大气气氛下重熔304不锈钢,考察了不同电流强度(1500、1800、2100A)下电渣锭中夹杂物的特征及全氧含量、硫含量变化,并对钢中硫化物的析出行为进行了热力学分析。结果表明,电渣重熔过程可以有效去除钢中的夹杂物,但随着电流强度的增大,电渣锭的全氧含量和硫含量增加,夹杂物数密度及尺寸增大,电渣锭的洁净度恶化。当电流强度较低(1500A)时,电渣锭中夹杂物主要是以氧化铝为核心、外表裹有硫化物的双层结构,未发现单个的(Mn,Cr)S夹杂;而1800A和2100A重熔时,电渣锭中不仅有以Al-Si-Ca-Ti-Cr-Mn氧化物为核心、外围包裹着(Mn,Cr)S的双层结构夹杂,而且由于电渣锭中硫含量高和凝固过程中残余液相中溶质的富集,其中还有单个(Mn,Cr)S夹杂物存在。本试验条件下,在1500A下重熔更有利于提高304不锈钢电渣锭的洁净度。     

新时期加强高校教师职业道德建设的几点思考

百年大计,教育为本,教育大计,教师为本。2011年12月23日,教育部、中国科教文卫工会颁布了《高等学校教师职业道德规范》,这是继2008年重新修订和印发《中小学教师职业道德规范》之后,首次印发有关高等学校教师职业道德的规定。由此看出,国家对教师这一职业的高度重视,特别是对高校教师的职业道德建设提出了更高的要求。一、加强高校教师职业道德建设的必要性高等学校担负着为社会直接培养和输送高水平、高质量、高素质人才的使命,这就要求高校教师不仅具有较高的知识素养和教学能力,更     

未来人类进化走向何方? 科学家拒绝“科幻”

随着史前人类化石的发现和基因科学发展,人类过去的进化历程越来越明晰。但是未来人类将朝什么方向继续进化?科幻作家在作品中进行种种猜测,但这些假想却受到科学家质疑。     

大跨径连续刚构混凝土箱梁分块施工技术

高墩大跨径连续刚构混凝土箱梁0号块施工时，由于混凝土方量较大，通常都是采用竖向分层的施工工艺浇筑，这种方式往往不能有效的解决裂缝的产生。这里借野三河特大桥0#块施工提出一种解决产生裂缝的新思路。     

弱磁场下法拉第效应的实验研究及可能应用讨论

利用了四频环形激光对磁场的高度敏感性测量了Tb玻璃(磁场范围0.8×10~(-5)T(Tesla)～10~(-9)T,ZF_2玻璃(0.21×10~(-4)T～1.89×10~(-4)T的费尔德常数(Verdet constant).在本实验精度范围内,得到了该常数大小和强磁场下的值一致.以此实验结果为基础,简要地讨论了用置于环形激光中的法拉第磁光材料感测地磁场的构思和发展前景.     

热力系统定量分析的热量品位系数法研究

推导出了一种火电厂热力系统定量分析的新方法———热量品位系数法 .从热力系统的常规热平衡计算出发 ,推导出了热量品位系数公式 .通过数学归纳 ,总结出热量品位系数的简便通用计算模型 ,并阐述了热量品位系数法用于热力系统经济性定量分析的通则 .应用实例验证了该方法的正确性和简捷性 .该方法不仅可以独立进行热力系统热经济性指标计算 ,而且还可以对热力系统各种变动进行简捷、准确的定量分析 .     

基于光学和扫描显微平台的微尺度实验力学检测技术和装置研究

本文基于光学和扫描显微平台,介绍了本研究组在微尺度实验力学检测技术和设备方面的最新研究成果。在检测技术方面涉及显微散斑干涉技术、微标记阵列检测技术、晶粒变形分析技术、光学探针动静态变形分析技术;在检测系统和装置方面介绍了新近开发的双视场薄膜检测系统、散斑微干涉系统、微标记检测平台、AFM和SEM单轴拉伸装置、三维微定位与加载系统、微力传感器及其标定装置、微动平台驱动装置等。探讨了微尺度实验力学检测中的问题和新的检测技术,给出了一些典型的应用和相关装置。     

Monte Carlo studies on the burnup measurement for the high temperature gas cooling reactor

Online fuel pebble burnup measurement in a future high temperature gas cooling reactor is proposed for implementation through a high purity germanium (HPGe) gamma spectrometer. By using KORIGEN software and MCNP Monte Carlo simulations,the single pebble gamma radiations to be recorded in the detector are simulated under different irradiation histories. A specially developed algorithm is applied to analyze the generated spectra to reconstruct the gamma activity of the ¹³⁷Cs monitoring nuclide. It is demonstrated that by taking into account the intense interfering peaks,the ¹³⁷Cs activity in the spent pebbles can be derived with a standard deviation of 3.0%(1σ). The results support the feasibility of utilizing the HPGe spectrometry in the online determination of the pebble burnup in future modular pebble bed reactors.     

Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration for optical interconnection

The performance of optical interconnection has improved dramatically in recent years. Silicon-based optoelectronic heterogeneous integration is the key enabler to achieve high performance optical interconnection, which not only provides the optical gain which is absent from native Si substrates and enables complete photonic functionalities on chip, but also improves the system performance through advanced heterogeneous integrated packaging. This paper reviews recent progress of silicon-based opt...     

Anomalous behavior and phase transformation of α-GaOOH nanocrystals under static compression

The structural compression mechanism and compressibility of gallium oxyhydroxide, α-GaOOH, are investigated by in situ synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction at pressures up to 31.0 GPa by using the diamond anvil cell technique. Theα-GaOOH sustains its orthorhombic structure when the pressure is lower than 23.8 GPa. The compression is anisotropic under hydrostatic conditions, with the a-axis being most compressible. The compression proceeds mainly by shrinkage of the void channels formed by the coordination GaO_3(OH)_3 octahedra of the crystal structure. Anomaly is found in the compression behavior to occur at 14.6GPa, which is concomitant with the equatorial distortion of the GaO_3(OH)_3 octahedra. A kink occurs at 14.6 GPa in the plot of finite strain f versus normalized stress F, indicating the change in the bulk compression behavior. The fittings of a second order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state to the P–V data in different pressure ranges result in the bulk moduli B_0= 199(1) GPa for P 14.6 GPa and B_0= 167(2) GPa for P 14.6 GPa. As the pressure is increased to about 25.8 GPa, a first-order phase transformation takes place, which is evidenced by the abrupt decrease in the unit cell volume and b and c lattice parameters.