软X射线显微术Si_3N_4薄膜窗口的研制

介绍了在软Ｘ－射线显微术研究领域中有重要应用的Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４薄膜窗口的实验室制作方法，并形成一套独特制备工艺，Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４薄膜窗口的研制成功推动了我国软Ｘ射线显微术研究的发展。     

Geometric phase of an open double-quantum-dot system detected by a quantum point contact

We study theoretically the geometric phase of a double-quantum-dot(DQD) system measured by a quantum point contact(QPC) in the pure dephasing and dissipative environments, respectively. The results show that in these two environments, the coupling strength between the quantum dots has an enhanced impact on the geometric phase during a quasiperiod. This is due to the fact that the expansion of the width of the tunneling channel connecting the two quantum dots accelerates the oscillations of the electron between the quantum dots and makes the length of the evolution path longer.In addition, there is a notable near-zero region in the geometric phase because the stronger coupling between the system and the QPC freezes the electron in one quantum dot and the solid angle enclosed by the evolution path is approximately zero,which is associated with the quantum Zeno effect. For the pure dephasing environment, the geometric phase is suppressed as the dephasing rate increases which is caused only by the phase damping of the system. In the dissipative environment,the geometric phase is reduced with the increase of the relaxation rate which results from both the energy dissipation and phase damping of the system. Our results are helpful for using the geometric phase to construct the fault-tolerant quantum devices based on quantum dot systems in quantum information.     

半圆和四分之一圆二维弹子球的量子谱分析

采用近来提出的量子谱函数,我们把闭合轨道理论应用到半圆和四分之一圆弹子球系统,这种量子谱函数的傅利叶变换包含了连接任意两点的许多经典轨道的信息.计算表明量子谱的傅立叶变换和经典轨道的长度符合的很好.从这两个体系可以看出半经典理论为经典和量子力学提供了很好的桥梁作用.     

对德布罗意公式的进一步探讨

推导出帽速和群速的乘积等于光速的平方,指出了德布罗意能量公式与相速相联系而动量公式与群速相联系.     

二维椭圆量子台球中的谱分析

研究了二维椭圆台球中的量子谱和经典轨道之间的对应关系.为尝试求解没有解析波函数和本征能量又不能分离变量的体系，采用了定态展开方法(expansion method for stationary states，简称EMSS)得到尽可能精确的数值解，这是闭合轨道理论被推广到计算开轨道的情况.比较了傅里叶变换谱和经典轨道，发现量子谱的峰位置与经典轨道的长度在可分辨的范围内符合得很好，这是半经典理论为经典与量子力学的联系提供桥梁作用的又一个例子. 关键词： 椭圆量子台球 定态展开方法 闭合轨道理论 量子谱     

电场中里德伯原子动力学性质的半经典理论研究

利用闭合轨道理论和Poincaré截面两种方法研究了鞍点附近电场中高里德伯态Li原子的动力学性质.由于原子实的作用,体系是混沌的,闭合轨道和周期轨道在混沌体系中并存,但二者在Poincaré截面上的反映是不同的.讨论了两种半经典理论在研究混沌体系时的联系,得到了仅靠闭合轨道理论得不到的信息. 关键词： Poincaré截面 回归谱 Stark效应     

Semiclassical approximation for transmission through open Sinai billiards

We use a semiclassical approximation to study the transport through the weakly open chaotic Sinai quantum billiards which can be considered as the schematic of a Sinai mesoscopic device,with the diffractive scatterings at the lead openings taken into account.The conductance of the ballistic microstructure which displays universal fluctuations due to quantum interference of electrons can be calculated by Landauer formula as a function of the electron Fermi wave number,and the transmission amplitude can be expressed as the sum over all classical paths connecting the entrance and the exit leads.For the Sinai billiards,the path sum leads to an excellent numerical agreement between the peak positions of power spectrum of the transmission amplitude and the corresponding lengths of the classical trajectories,which demonstrates a good agreement between the quantum theory and the semiclassical theory.     

RIKEN介观器件腔中粒子逃逸曲线的无标度区研究

RIKEN介观器件腔中的粒子逃逸曲线存在混沌性质,是研究分形及自相似结构的理想模型。本文通过对混沌逃逸曲线及无标度区的研究,发现自相似结构并用相似比进行了定义。通过不同自相似结构的对比,发现同一无标度区内相似比具有恒定性,并得到了相似比与分形维数的线性关系。该研究使相似比成为定量描述无标度区以及混沌性质的手段,为混沌性质的表征提供了新的方法。     

耗散环境单量子点体系输运过程的量子速度极限研究

基于量子点输运理论与B ures角度量的方法,研究了耗散环境下单量子点系统输运过程中的量子速度极限特性.结果表明:由于隧穿过程存在库仑阻塞效应与量子相干效应,系统可加速能力随左侧隧穿概率有微小的变化;然而,系统可加速能力随右侧隧穿概率变化明显,归因于动力学通道阻塞与共隧穿的共同效应.能级差的增大使系统向目标态演化需要更长的时间,从而改变系统的加速潜力以及随时间演化的震荡频率.耗散环境中弛豫速率对系统可加速能力的影响不是单调的,存在一个有趣的转折点,当弛豫速率小于该点时,系统的可加速能力产生震荡变化,当弛豫速率大于该点时,加速潜力的变化受到了弛豫速率的单调抑制,弛豫速率的增大总体上抑制了系统的可加速能力.     

用Poincar截面研究近金属表面里德堡氢原子的动力学性质

用相空间分析方法研究了近金属表面氢里德堡原子的动力学性质.从Poincar啨截面看出,其动力学行为敏感地依赖于原子与金属表面间的距离d,随着d值的增减,系统的可积性会发生巨大改变.