轿车转向杆系的优化设计

汽车转向杆系的设计对轮胎的磨损和车辆的操纵稳定性都有一定的影响。在对轿车转向杆系进行优化设计的过程中,运用位移矩阵法对MacPherson式悬架和齿轮齿条式转向系统的转向杆系进行了空间运动学分析,给出了前轴内、外轮转角关系的计算方法。综合考虑转向速比、轮胎的磨损及车辆的操纵稳定性要求提出了优化目标函数,并采用可变容差法进行求解。开发了悬架的运动分析及转向杆系的优化设计程序。运用该程序对一例实际车型进行了计算,其结果与试验值符合较好,表明该优化设计方法具有较高的准确性及一定的工程应用价值。     

Theoretical Study of Interesting Fine-Structure Splittings Based on a Scenario for Precise Calculations

Based on the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock self-consistent field method, a scenario has been presented to calculate the fine-structure energy levels of C^2＋ and Si^2＋ excited states （31 D2 and 33D1,2,3）. The Breit interactions and quantum electrodynamics corrections are added as perturbations. The present calculation results are found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data. By means of the precise calculation procedure, we elucidate that four competitive mechanisms influence the interesting fine-structure splittings in C^2＋ and Si^2＋, such as spin-orbit interactions, relativistic corrections of exchange interactions, the Breit interactions and electron correlation effects. Furthermore, the mechanism of relativistic correction of exchange interactions has been studied clearly. We elucidate that the inner shell 2p1/2,3/2 orbitals are essential to relativistic corrections of exchange interactions which are crucial for the final anomalous fine-structure splittings.     

全相对论多组态原子结构及物理量的精密计算——构建准完备基以及组态相互作用

从第一原理出发计算原子结构有多种理论方法,它们都是基于变分原理的,其关键是构建一组最适合描述真实物理体系的且适用于变分原理的准完备基.本文阐明了如何利用全相对论计算程序GRASPVU,通过单组态Dirac-Fock计算以及多组态Dirac-Fock自洽场计算建立准完备基.然后利用该准完备基进行组态相互作用计算以充分考虑关联作用;在此基础上,进一步考虑电磁相互作用的延迟效应和量子电动力学等修正.该准完备基对原子结构和电磁跃迁等物理量可进行精密的理论计算.最简单的He体系的能级和跃迁速率等物理量的计算值与目前最准确的理论计算值以及精密的实验测量值符合很好,验证了本文提出的方案的适用性.本文计算是全相对论的,可推广到相对论效应很重要的高Z类He体系,以面向重离子储存环相关实验测量.同时该方案也适用于其他任何多电子原子体系;对Mg进行了精密理论计算,阐明了其33D,43D精细结构次序变化的机理.     

基于Trio控制器的吸收式造波机运动控制系统设计

设计了基于Trio控制器的吸收式造波机运动控制系统,确定了其PC和运动控制器相结合的控制方式.选择了Trio控制器,并结合EtherNet/IP和SERCOS通信协议实现数据交换.上位机程序设计采用C语言和Fortran混合编程方式,对执行机构的控制由Trio控制器自带Trio Basic语言编写运动控制程序程实现.实验表明,设计的吸收式造波机控制系统得到的波面最稳定,能获得期望波高.     

A Novel Observation of ＂a Sharp Absorption Line＂ Using Much More Broad Laser Lights： Quantum Interference in the Autoionization Spectra of Sc

The most accurate measturements in physical sciences will be precision spectroscopic experiments which are based on the usage of most narrow lines in cooperation with interference phenomena. We present a novel experimental observation of ＂a sharp absorption resonance line＂ with much more broad laser lights. The mechanism of such a novel phenomenon will be elucidated and its implications will be discussed.     

Relativistic calculations of 3s2 1S0-3s3p 1P1 and 3s2 1S0-3s3p 3P1,2 transition probabilities in the Mg isoelectronic sequence

Using the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock self-consistent field method and the relativistic configuration-interaction method,calculations of transition energies,oscillator strengths and rates are performed for the 3s 2 1 S 0-3s3p 1 P 1 spinallowed transition,3s 2 1 S 0-3s3p 3 P 1,2 intercombination and magnetic quadrupole transition in the Mg isoelectronic sequence(Mg I,Al II,Si III,P IV and S V).Electron correlations are treated adequately,including intravalence electron correlations.The influence of the Breit interaction on oscillator strengths and transition energies are investigated.Quantum electrodynamics corrections are added as corrections.The calculation results are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data and other theoretical calculations.     

云南地区地震死亡人数快速估算:以鲁甸6.5级地震为例

地震后的人员伤亡快速评估,对于地震应急响应具有重要意义。该文运用基于地震场景重建的经验模型,研究了云南省的地震人员死亡率,并以鲁甸地震为例,对震后死亡人数进行了估算。收集了云南地区1970年至2008年至少造成1人伤亡的37个地震案例,基于地震烈度分布图和人口密度数据,得到地震案例各个烈度区的暴露人口数;运用美国地质调查局基于地震烈度的人口死亡率模型对人口死亡数进行估算,随后比较人口死亡估算值和人口死亡实际数的差值,对差值进行最优化求解使其最小,从而确定模型的参数值,得到云南省的地震人口死亡率。计算得到鲁甸6.5级地震人员死亡数为308,与实际死亡人数(617)处于同一量级,该地震属于特别重大地震,应急响应级别为I级,与实际情况相符。结果表明,基于地震场景重建的死亡率经验模型对于中国省市地区尺度的震后死亡人数快速评估,具有较好的适用性。     

不同花生品种对土壤铅、镉污染的抗性研究

为了筛选对铅、镉耐性较强的花生品种,探究油料作物在重金属污染耕地综合利用方面的潜在应用,通过温室栽培实验,研究了潍花八号、红花12号和黑丰一号3个品种花生在不同铅、镉浓度下的种子萌发、幼苗生长、叶绿素含量及叶片酶活性变化的抗性效应.结果表明,土壤铅、镉污染抑制花生种子萌发和幼苗生长(P<0.05),3种花生的种子萌发率...     

Crank-Nicolson拟合有限体积法定价机制转换下的欧式期权

This paper develops and analyses a novel numerical scheme to price European options under regime switching model which is governed by a system of partial differential equations(PDEs).To numerically solve these PDEs,we introduce a fitted finite volume method for the spatial discretization,coupled with the Crank-Nicolson time stepping scheme.We show that this scheme is consistent,stable and monotone,and hence the convergence of the numerical solution to the viscosity solution of the continuous problem is guaranteed.Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the accuracy,efficiency and robustness of the new numerical method.     

阴离子交换整体柱对蛋白质的分离与纯化

分别用乙二胺、二乙胺、三乙胺将自制的以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂的整体柱修饰为弱、强阴离子交换整体柱。考察了该整体柱的性能,选择出分离蛋白质(牛血清白蛋白、溶菌酶和谷胱甘肽)的最佳实验条件,并在最佳分离条件下考察了这些蛋白质在整体柱上的色谱行为和该整体柱对纤维素降解酶的分离纯化情况。实验结果表明,该整体柱性能良好,可以实现对纤维素降解酶的快速分离与纯化。同时,实验也证明采用梯度洗脱可以实现对某些蛋白质的分离纯化。