含磷化合物生物矿化铀的形态转化与机理

磷元素作为微生物生存生长的必要元素,能有效与铀结合矿化成稳定的U-P沉淀或相应矿物。采用混合细菌介导法,添加含磷化合物处理铀污染地下水-沉积物,探究磷和土著菌相互作用下铀的形态变化及产物稳定性。结果表明：含磷化合物的添加使得溶液中铀去除率高达99.84%;改进连续提取实验得知,沉积物中磷作用后的铀稳定态比例约75%。根据X射线光电子能谱分析和改进连续提取实验结果,细菌可以有效地介导U-P沉淀,含磷化合物可以与六价铀络合形成稳定的沉淀物,结合X射线衍射表明在细菌作用下,磷与铀发生生物矿化可生成Ca-U-P沉淀,实现铀从可转移相到稳定相的转化与固定。     

Electronic Structures of Wurtzite GaN with Ga and N Vacancies

The electronic band structures of wurtzite GaN with Ga and N vacancy defects are investigated by means of the first-principles total energy calculations in the neutral charge state. Our results show that the band structures can be significantly modified by the Ga and N vacancies in the GaN samples. Generally, the width of the valence band is reduced and the band gap is enlarged. The defect-induced bands can be introduced in the band gap of GMV due to the Ga and N vacancies. Moreover, the GaN with high density of N vacancies becomes an indirect gap semiconductor. Three defect bands due to Ga vacancy defects are created within the band gap and near the top of the valence band. In contrast, the N vacancies introduce four defect bands within the band gap. One is in the vicinity of the top of the valence band, and the others are near the bottom of the conduction band. The physical origin of the defect bands and modification of the band structures due to the Ga and N vacancies are analysed in depth.     

三维视野中的中国特色社会主义道路

深刻认识和准确把握中国特色社会主义道路的实质,必须深入廓清一系列重大问题,其中历史起点、形成与发展的动力机制、时代方位是三个最重要的维度。随着中国特色社会主义实践的继续深入,我们对这条道路的理论认识将不断地丰富和发展。     

双代号单目标网络图线路数量的计算方法

基于对双代号单目标网络图线路数量影响因素的研究,阐明了节点和箭线是组成线路的基本要素,关联节点的箭线在网络图进展方向上形成线路分支的数量多少,是影响网络图线路数量的决定因素,提出了网络图箭线的线路值的新概念和计算线路值的公式,从而解决了计算网图线路数量的线路值法和图上计算法。