物理创新题的编制

以中学物理主干知识的应用为目的,以高新科技为问题情景,编制出联系实际、富有新意的创新题,学生通过解题,既可巩固所学基础理论知识,又了解了知识的应用背景与应用价值,这有助于提高学生学习兴趣,开阔学生视野,发展学生创造力,培养学生理论联系实际的科学态度,从而提高学生的科学素养.     

计算Sanderson电负性标度中D_i的新方法

用一线性公式代替D_t-Z作图法,求Sanderson电负性标度中的D_t值。     

多核配合物中金属间相互作用的电化学研究：取代三联吡？…

报道了２个取代三联吡啶配体（４′－苯基－２，２′：６′，２″－三联吡啶（Ｌ１）和４′－二茂铁基－２，２′：６′，２″－三联吡啶（Ｌ２）的Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）配合物（Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）（Ｌ１）２）（ＣｌＯ４）２．４ＣＨ３ＣＮ（１）和（Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）（Ｌ２）２）（ＣｌＯ４）２Ｈ２Ｏ（２）的合成及配体Ｌ２的配合物１和配合物２的晶体结构，电化学研究表明：在配合物２中，由于Ｃｏ＾２＋的作用，二茂铁基的氧化电位较配体Ｌ２中的二茂铁     

A Novel Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitrobenzamides and Ketones Promoted by Low-valent Titanium Reagent

A short and facile synthesis of a series of 1,2-dihydroquiazolin-4(3H)-ones was accomplished in good yields via novel reductive cyclization of o-nitrobenzamides with ketones promoted by TiCI4/Zn system. The structure was established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR,^1H NMR and confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. This method has the advantages of easily accessible starting materials, convenient manipulation and moderate to high yields.     

CO2,O2,CF4液体微滴喷射靶激光等离子体光源光谱

基于软X射线辐射计量和极紫外投影光刻(EUVL)应用,研制了一台使用纳秒激光器的液体微滴喷射靶激光等离子体(LPP)极紫外光源。该光源由一个可连续控温的不锈钢电磁喷气阀门、YAG激光器和能同步控制喷气阀门和激光器的脉冲发生器组成。使用液氮作致冷剂,控温范围77～473 K。对于足够高的背景气压和低的阀门温度,当气体经过阀门脉冲式地喷入真空靶室内时,气体经过气-液相变碎裂成大量的液体微滴形成液体微滴喷射靶。首先,依据非相对论量子力学理论,使用原子光谱分析常用的Cowan程序,计算了O2,CO2和CF4等几种液体在1011～1012W.cm-2激光功率密度下可能相应产生的O4 ,O5 ,O6 ,O7 ,F5 ,F6 和F7 离子的电偶极辐射跃迁波长和跃迁概率。其次,在激光焦点功率密度为8×1011W.cm-2时,测量了CO2,O2,CF4液体微滴喷射靶在6～20 nm波段的光谱。理论计算结果与实验结果相比较,得出了所测量谱线的电偶极辐射跃迁波长和跃迁概率以及跃迁能级所应归属的组态和光谱项。     

酞菁化合物LB单分子膜的SERRS

酞菁类化合物具有优良的光电特性,选择适当的取代侧链可得到稳定的LB成膜材料,可望在微电子器件等方面获得重要的应用.本工作观测了四-4-(2,4-二特戊基苯氧基)酞菁铜(CuPc(Dt-PP)_4)在银岛膜上的LB单分子层的表面增强共振拉曼散射(SERRS)光谱。比较其固体粉末的共振拉曼散射(RRS)光谱,讨论了酞菁铜分子大环在载片表面的取向及其可能的原因。1 实验CuPc(Dt-PP)_4样品由陈文启等合成,经元素分析、IR、NMR、色谱等研究确认其结构如图1所示.银岛膜用真空蒸镀法制备在玻璃载片上。用同时蒸镀在铜网上的银膜的透射电     

Electromagnetic Instabilities Excited by Electron Temperature Anisotropy

One-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations are performed to investigate the nonlinear evolution of electromagnetic instabilities excited by the electron temperature anisotropy in homogeneous plasmas with different parameters. The results show that the electron temperature anisotropy can excite the two right-hand electromagnetic instabilities, one has the frequency higher than Ωe, the other is the whistler instability with larger amplitude, and its frequency is below Ωe. Their dispersion relations are consistent with the prediction from the cold plasma theory. In the initial growth stage (prediction from linear theory), the frequency of the dominant mode (the mode whose amplitude is large enough) of the whistler wave almost does not change, but in the saturation stage the situation is different. In the case that the ratio of electron plasma frequency to cyclotron frequency is larger than 1, the frequency of the dominant mode of the whistler wave driRs from high to low continuously. However, for the case of the ratio smaller than 1, besides the original dominant mode of the whistler wave whose frequency is about 2.6ωe, another dominant mode whose frequency is about 1.55ωe also begins to be excited at definite time, and its amplitude increases with time until it exceeds the original dominant mode.     

具有不同类型桥基的双核Cu（Ⅱ）—Schiff碱配合物的合成 …

合成了３个分别以Ｃ２Ｏ＾２－４（「Ｃｕ２（Ｌ１）２（ｏｘ）」，１），ＡｃＯ＾－（「Ｃｕ２（ＡｃＯ）（Ｌ２）２」ＢＦ４，２）和酚氧（「Ｃｕ２９Ｌ３０２」（ＣｌＯ４）２，３）为桥基的双核铜配合物，并测定了１的复配合物「Ｃｕ２（Ｌ１）２（ｏｘ）」「Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２（Ｈ２Ｏ）４」ＣｌＯ４．Ｈ２Ｏ及２和３的晶体结构。     

土贝母化学成分的研究 Ⅲ.土贝母苷甲的结构

从葫芦科植物假贝母(Bolbostemma paniculatum[Maxim] Franquet)的鳞茎中分得五个苷类化合物:土贝母苷甲(1)、乙、丙、丁和戊.通过对1及其各选择性水解产物的 NMR 分析确定了它的结构,为一新的三萜皂苷.     

催化剂载体对硼氢化钠在纳米金电极上电氧化行为的影响

分别以中孔炭(MPC)和VXC-72R炭黑作载体,制备了中孔炭载纳米Au粒子(Au/MPC)和VXC-72R炭黑载纳米Au粒子(Au/CB),并将其用作直接硼氢化钠燃料电池阳极电氧化催化剂.分别用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等比较了不同载体催化剂的结构和形貌.结果表明,纳米Au粒子均为面心立方结构,Au/MPC中纳米Au粒子的粒径为16nm左右比Au/CB中的纳米Au粒子的更小,且均匀分散在载体的表面.用循环伏安曲线和动电位极化曲线等比较了不同载体催化剂的电化学特性.结果表明,Au/CB的电流密度为38.10mA·cm-2,而Au/MPC的电流密度达到42.88mA·cm-2,比Au/CB的电流密度提高了12.5%.