薄层色谱法在香兰素合成中的应用

应用薄层色谱法对愈创木酚、3－甲氧基－4－羟基扁桃酸和香兰素进行了分析，以硅胶GF254作为吸附剂，从几种溶剂系统中选出氯仿：乙酸乙酯：正丙醇：冰乙酸：水＝20：1：1：1：2溶液作为展开剂。建立了 香兰素的薄层扫描定量分析方法，测定波长为500nm，参比波长为570nm，线性范围为0．31－6．2μg。     

Explanation of Theoretical Mechanism of Isomerization of L-Alanine Conformation for Experimental Results

B3LYP/6-31＋＋G＊＊ method was applied to investigate the mechanism of alanine isomerization.12 minima and 22 transition states were obtained after optimization and several paths of isomerization were found.It is found that intramolecular single-bond rotation and proton transfer might lead to isomerization.The energy barrier of C–N bond rotation was lower than 2.52 kcal·mol 1,while the energy barrier ranges of the rotation of C–C and C–O were separately 0.43~ 7.01 and 4.69~12.19 kcal·mol 1,and the minimum energy barrier of proton transfer was 30.76 kcal·mol 1.The most probable isomerization path and mechanism for the two most stable conformations was discussed to find that the highest energy barrier to be crossed in this path was 11.87 kcal·mol 1.In order to understand the microscopic nature why only 4 conformations were detected in the experiment,thermodynamic properties of all conformations at the experimental temperature of 391 K was calculated.It is found that conformations XII,XI,X and IX can only unidirectionally convert into conformations rapidly with low energy and vanish immediately.The other conformations were distributed according to Maxwell-Boltzman＇s law,and the distribution probabilities of conformations I,II,III,IV,V,VI,VII and VIII were respectively 27.2%,26.5%,25.8%,6.4%,5.2%,4.8%,2.5% and 1.6%.Conformations I,II and III with bigger probability and stronger absorption peak were easy to detect in the experiment.Conformation IV had a relatively smaller probability（6.4%） and weak absorption peak which,however,could also be identified.The other conformations had too small probability to identify in the spectrum.     

Hydrogen Bonding Character Between the Glycine and BF4-

在B3LYP/6-31+G^*水平上研究BF₄^-与甘氨酸间氢键作用特征,并在B3LYP/6-311++G^**水平上计算单点能. 对二聚物几何结构、能量、氢键成键特征进行分析. 分子中的原子拓扑分析表明氢键成键原子间存在(3,-1)关键点,电子密度和Laplacian量落在氢键范围内. 进一步对氢键形成导致H原子净电荷、偶极矩、能量及体积的改变进行系统分析.     

基于薄壁圆筒结构的光纤光栅瓦斯压力传感器

为提高瓦斯压力监测的精度和准确性,设计了一种带温度补偿、基于薄壁圆筒结构的高灵敏度新型光纤光栅瓦斯压力传感器。通过理论分析,确定了传感器的结构和尺寸。该传感器采用内径15 mm、壁厚0.13 mm、材料为30Cr Mn Si A的薄壁圆筒。通过测试,传感器灵敏度为220 pm/MPa,瓦斯压力为10 MPa时光纤光栅中心波长漂移量为2.93 nm,基本误差小于0.05 MPa,具有较好的可重复性。现场应用表明,新型传感器具有较高精度,克服了温度对监测结果的影响。     

建设有机食品基地发挥示范带动作用

临朐县农村能源环境保护办公室依托下设的临胸县昌盛环能技术推广服务有限公司,建设有机蔬菜示范基地,有规程、有规模、有设施、有产品,发挥了巨大的示范带动作用,成为现代农业发展的亮点。本文简要介绍了有机蔬菜基地的有关情况,供同类地区借鉴。     

DFT Study of Oxygenated Organic Pollutants Catalyzed by Molybdenum Oxides: Comparison of Reaction Mechanisms of MoO_x + HCHO(x = 1, 2, 3)

The reaction mechanisms between formaldehyde and MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) have been studied thoroughly in this paper. Five reaction pathways were found in three reactions(reactions Ⅰ to Ⅲ) through studying the mechanisms of MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) catalyzing formaldehyde. Different products were obtained from three reactions. Of all three reactions, the barrier energy of Route ⅡA is the lowest(4.70 kcal/mol), which means in MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3), MoO_2 has the best catalytic effect. Compared with other similar non-toxic treatments of formaldehyde, our barrier energy is the lowest. In this research, there was no good leaving group of the compound, so the mechanisms are addition reaction. We speculate that there must be an addition reaction to the more complex reactions to molybdenum oxides and aldehydes. As a chemical reagent for removing formaldehyde, it only absorbs formaldehyde and does not emit other toxic substances outward. Molybdenum oxides retain its original structures of the final products, which means it has excellent stability in the reaction of MoO_x(x = 1, 2, 3) + HCHO. The mechanisms of all three reactions are addition reactions, but they are entirely different. As the number of oxygen atoms increases, the reaction mechanisms become simpler.     

2-溴-4-甲基苯酚的合成

2-溴-4-甲基苯酚是合成许多药物及广谱型香料香兰素的重要中间体。常温下,以对甲基苯酚为原料加溴易生成2,6-二溴-4-甲基苯酚,本文在原来工作的基础上,在低温下,通过溴化氧化一步直接合成了2-溴-4-甲基苯酚,产率可达93％并通过红外光谱和核磁共振谱对产物结构进行确证。反应的最佳条件是：反应温度为-5～-10℃,反应时间为4h,搅拌速度为1000r／min,对甲基苯酚与双氧水物质的量比为1：0．85。反应方程式如下：     

红外吸收光谱、核磁共振谱和质谱确证比卡鲁胺的结构

测试样品和国外比卡鲁胺对照品的红外吸收光谱、核磁共振谱、质谱。对比结果表明 ,研制的比卡鲁胺的化学结构与从国外片剂中提取的比卡鲁胺的结构式完全一致     

水合甘氨酸体系水桥式质子迁移的理论研究

水分子与甘氨酸作用会导致甘氨酸羧基上的质子迁移到氨基上,质子可以通过水分子链进行迁移。采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP/6-31++g**方法研究了水分子链的逐渐增长（1~5个水分子）对质子迁移的影响,发现水分子数少于5时,质子迁移一步完成;水分子数为5时,质子迁移经由一个中间体,需两步完成;水分子链的增长使质子迁移反应的自由能越来越低,但是反应的活化能越来越高,即在热力学上有利于质子迁移反应,在动力学上不利于质子迁移反应。     

Zn2+诱导甘氨酸α-H和羧基H迁移的机理

采用B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p)方法研究Zn2+对甘氨酸的作用机理.优化得到了8个中性复合体和3个两性复合体;最稳定的是两性的,结合能为863.28kJ/mol.分子内单键旋转导致中性构型转化;C—C和C—O键旋转的能垒范围分别为2.43～24.56和24.94～60.21kJ/mol.Zn2+导致甘氨酸的电子云向Zn2+偏移,活化了迁移质子所在的化学键.Zn2+既能诱导羧基H原子迁移到氨基上形成两性离子,又能诱导α-H迁移到Zn2+上形成两性离子,两过程都是无垒的.α-H迁移后甘氨酸形成离域π键,并且α-C带0.20正电荷,体系既可以发生加成反应,又可以发生亲核取代反应,甘氨酸的生物化学性质发生了重大变化;这一发现对生理学和病理学具有指导意义.最稳定中性构型Ⅱ转化为最稳定两性构型Ⅰ的路径为:Ⅱ→Ⅱ-Ⅳ→Ⅳ→Ⅳ-Ⅷ→Ⅷ→Ⅶ-Ⅷ→Ⅶ→Ⅰ-Ⅶ→Ⅰ,该路径最高能垒为213.84kJ/mol.