基于修正斜压场的RC框架边节点剪切性能分析

为研究钢筋屈服强度和混凝土抗压强度对钢筋混凝土(RC)框架边节点剪切性能的影响规律,基于修正斜压场理论(MCFT),对某框架边节点的剪切应力-应变骨架曲线进行数值模拟,并与试验结果进行对比.在验证MCFT算法的精度后,研究钢筋屈服强度和混凝土抗压强度两个参数变化对RC框架边节点剪切应力-应变骨架曲线和峰值剪切应力的影响规律.结果表明:基于MCFT可以较好地模拟RC框架边节点的剪切应力-应变关系曲线; RC框架边节点的峰值剪切应力对混凝土抗压强度的变化更为敏感,但当试件的钢筋(HRB400)屈服应力下降幅度超过16.45%时,对钢筋屈服应力的变化更为敏感;当试件的钢筋(HRB400)屈服应力下降幅度超过10%时,节点发生钢筋滑移破坏,此时峰值剪切应力会大幅下降.     

Surface-enhanced fluorescence and application study based on Ag-wheat leaves

Wheat leaves with natural microstructures as substrates were covered by the silver nanoislands by magnetron to prepare a low-cost, environment-friendly and mass production surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF) substrate (Ag-WL substrate). The best SEF substrate was selected by repeatly certifying the fluorescence intensity of 10^-5 M Rhodamine B (RB) and 10^-5 M Rhodamine 6G (R6G) aqueous solutions. The abundant semi-spherical protrusions and flake-like structures on the surface of the Ag-WL substrate produce high-density hot spots, which provides a new and simple idea for the preparation of biomimetic materials. The results of 3D finite-different time-domain (FDTD) simulation show that the nanoisland gap of semi-spherical protrusions and flake-like structures has produced rich hotspots. By adjusting the time of magnetron sputtering, the enhancement factor (EF) was as high as 839 times, relative standard deviation (RSD) reached as low as 10.7%, and the substrate was very stable and repeatable, which shows that Ag-WL substrate is trustworthy. Moreover, semi-spherical protrusions provide stronger surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effects compared to flake-like structure. What is more surprising is that the detection limit of the substrate for toxic substance crystal violet (CV) is as low as 10^-10 M.     

温度对日本三角涡虫种群增长及抗氧化酶活力的影响

应用种群累积培养法,就培养液温度对日本三角涡虫种群增长及体内3种抗氧化酶活力的影响进行了探讨.结果表明,5℃和35℃下的涡虫不能长期生存.30 d时25℃实验组种群密度最高、20℃实验组次之;第9 d后15℃-30℃实验组涡虫种群瞬时增长率随时间的推移均呈现逐渐下降的趋势.另外,10℃-20℃实验组涡虫SOD活力较其他实验组低,而15℃实验组涡虫CAT活力却较其他实验组高;GSH-PX活力受培养液温度的影响明显且波动较大,随着培养液温度的升高其活力总体呈现增加趋势.涡虫的SOD、CAT和GSH-PX 3种抗氧化酶对培养液温度变化的响应存在差异的机制值得进一步探讨.     

A novel natural surface-enhanced fluorescence system based on reed leaf as substrate for crystal violet trace detection

The preparation of surface-enhanced fluorescence (SEF) substrates is often influenced by experimental strategies and factors such as the morphology and size of the nanostructures. In this study, using the natural reed leaves (RLs) without any special pretreatment as the substrate, metal silver is modified by magnetron sputtering technology to prepare a stable and efficient SEF system. The abundant “hedgehog-like”protrusions on the RL substrate surface can generate high-density “hot spots”, thus enhancement factor (EF) is enhanced up to 3345 times. The stability and reproducibility are verified in many measurements. The contribution of the intervention of silver nanostructure to the radiation attenuation process of fluorescent molecules is analyzed with the aid of Jablonski diagrams. Three-dimensional (3D) finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulates the spatial electric field and “hot spots”distribution of the substrate. The “hedgehog-like”protrusion structure generates multiple “hot spots”, which produce an excellent local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect and provide higher fluorescence signal. Finally, RL/Ag-35 substrate is used to detect crystal violet (CV), and the detection limit is as low as 10^-13 M. This “hedgehog-like”SEF substrate provides a new strategy for the trace detection of CV, which has a good practical application value.     

反复荷载作用下钢筋再生混凝土框架边节点的破坏机理

为研究反复荷载作用下钢筋再生混凝土框架边节点的破坏机理,以再生粗骨料取代率为研究变量,设计4个框架边节点试件进行拟静力实验.观察节点区域的裂缝发展形态,获取节点混凝土应变、箍筋应变、梁柱纵筋应变随加载位移的变化曲线,并分析再生粗骨料取代率变化对试件破坏形态的影响规律.结果表明:节点剪力主要由混凝土斜压杆机构承担,通裂后则由钢筋构成的桁架机构和斜压杆机构共同承担;节点箍筋明显早于梁纵筋和柱纵筋发生屈服,体现节点剪切变形的受力特征;再生粗骨料的存在会加剧试件的裂缝发展、增大钢筋和混凝土的应变,其中以取代率为70%的试件最为严重.     

Pb^2＋对日本三角涡虫急性毒理作用及其6种酶活力的影响

通过急性毒理实验,观察了Pb2+对日本三角涡虫(Dugesia japonica)的损伤状况,并探讨了Pb2+对涡虫体内LDH、Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶等3种代谢酶和SOD、CAT和GSH-PX等3种抗氧化酶活力的影响.Pb2+对涡虫的24h、36h、48h急性毒理作用半致死浓度(LC50)分别为685.1μmolL-1、402.8μmolL -1、279.2μmolL-1;结果还显示Pb2+浓度越高涡虫的致死时间越短,在相同时间内随着Pb2+浓度的升高涡虫死亡率也随之升高,并且随着Pb2+处理时间的延长涡虫死亡率与培养液中Pb2+浓度的正相关性逐渐提高.另外,Pb2+胁迫对涡虫体内6种酶的活力均有明显的影响.结果表明,日本三角涡虫是一种对Pb2+污染非常敏感的低等动物,在水体Pb2+污染检测等方面具有潜在价值和应用前景.