改性磁性壳聚糖微球对Cu2+、Cd2+和Ni2+的吸附性能

Fe3O4/ chitosan magnetic microspheres of 50 to 80 滋m were prepared using the inverse phase emulsion dispersion and chemical crosslinking technology, and then modified with ethylenediamine for use in the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The adsorption properties of the modified Fe3O4/chitosan toward Cu2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ were investigated. It was found that the adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Ni2+ increased with pH, and a maximum adsorption for Cd2+ occurred at pH=3. The saturated adsorption capacities calculated by Langmuir isotherms were 54.3 mg·g-1 for Cu2+, 20.4 mg·g-1 for Cd2+, and 12.4 mg·g-1 for Ni2+, respectively. The adsorption kinetics were well described by pseudo-second-order equation models. The experimental results showed that the Fe3O4/chitosan modified with ethylenediamine presented higher adsorption selectivity for Cu2+ than for Cd2+ and Ni2+ in all studied pH ranges.     

Fe3O4／聚（丙烯酸甲酯-二乙烯苯）微球对金属离子的吸附

通过悬浮聚合制备Fe3O4／聚（丙烯酸甲酯-二乙烯苯）磁性微球，考察了微球对金属离子的吸附性能。结果表明，磁性吸附剂粒径35—55μm，Fe3O4质量分数18％，能有效吸附金属离子。由Langmuir模型得到的饱和吸附容量为别为：Hg2＋2．3mmol／g,Cu^2＋2mmol／g，Ni^2＋ 1．1mmol／g。由Lagergrent方程计算的吸附速率常数分别为：Hg^2＋0．023min^-1，Cu^2＋0．034min^-1，Ni^2＋0．036min^-1。吸附剂可用1mol／LH2SO4再生。     

壳聚糖基磁性树脂对Au^3＋和Ag^＋的吸附 Ⅱ吸附热力学和穿透曲线研究

利用硫脲改性的壳聚糖基磁性微球(TMCS)吸附Au3 和Ag 。利用静态吸附法考察了不同温度下Au3 和Ag 的吸附等温线;利用柱吸附法考察了进液流率、床层高度对穿透曲线的影响。结果表明,随温度升高,Au3 和Ag 的吸附容量下降;焓变(△H°)为负,表明吸附过程放热;Gibbs自由能(△G°)为负,表明吸附反应能自发进行。随进液流率增加或床层高度下降,穿透曲线前移;由BDST模型(Beddepth service time model)得出的临界床层高度分别为:Au3 2.34cm;Ag 3.41cm。TMCS有良好的重复使用性。     

Fe3O4/聚(丙烯酸甲酯-二乙烯苯)微球对金属离子的吸附

通过悬浮聚合制备Fe3O4/聚(丙烯酸甲酯-二乙烯苯)磁性微球,考察了微球对金属离子的吸附性能。结果表明,磁性吸附剂粒径35～55μm,Fe3O4质量分数18%,能有效吸附金属离子。由Langmuir模型得到的饱和吸附容量为别为:Hg2 2.3mmol/g,Cu2 2.2mmol/g,Ni2 1.1mmol/g。由Lagergrent方程计算的吸附速率常数分别为:Hg2 0.023min-1,Cu2 0.034min-1,Ni2 0.036min-1。吸附剂可用1mol/LH2SO4再生。     

丹参素及其衍生物合成方法的研究进展

中药丹参的活性成分丹参素是一种化学结构简单但特殊,并具有广泛的生理药理学活性的有机小分子化合物,丹参素类药物在抗心肌缺血和保肝护肝等方面疗效显著.然而,仅依靠从丹参中分离得到丹参素（或其衍生物）远不能满足临床需要.依靠化学方法简洁、高效的合成丹参素（或其衍生物）是该类药物研发亟须解决的问题之一.综述了近年来国内外相关报道,对外消旋体和光学纯丹参素的合成路线进行讨论,并就其构效关系进行初步分析;其中,光学纯丹参素的简单、高效、高选择性合成仍然是药物化学和有机化学关注的重点.新的合成方法和有关丹参素详细的构效关系研究,对开发丹参素类药物具有重要意义.     

不同铺层厚度复合材料的低速冲击特性与损伤模式研究

复合材料凭借其轻质、高强的特性逐渐在工程材料界占据重要地位,对于复合材料的冲击损伤的研究也一直吸引着诸多研究学者的关注．为表征不同铺层厚度复合材料层合板的抗冲击性能,利用自由落体冲击设备,进行了复合材料层合板的冲击实验研究．给出了不同冲击能量下的损伤模式,并利用位移、速度、接触力以及能量的时间变化曲线,深入分析了侵入和穿透两种损伤模式的特点．研究发现,随着铺层厚度的增加,复合材料在冲击过程中吸收的能量也随之增加．引入能量平衡法,基于体系的能量守恒定律,利用Newton-Raphson数值方法求解了侵入损伤模式下的接触力大小,通过实验结果给定挠度求解了对应的速率变化情况,并将理论结果与实验结果进行比较．     

功能化玉米芯生物炭对水中磺胺甲恶唑的去除

采用玉米芯制备的生物炭对磺胺甲恶唑(SMZ)的吸附能力进行了研究.玉米芯经过预处理、活化、裂解及功能化处理,成功制备了功能化生物炭材料.采用SEM、FTIR、XRD技术对生物炭的形貌和理化性质进行了表征.吸附实验表明,利用磷酸活化、硝酸功能化的生物炭(PNBC)吸附效果最佳,其最大吸附量达162.08 mg/g,动力学...     

Nanobubbles produced by hydraulic air compression technique

The anoxia of coastal water has already been a serious problem all over the word. Nanobubbles are proved to have great applications in water remediation because they could effectively increase the oxygen content and degrade organic matters in water. But the existing methods to produce nanobubbles are complicated and high cost to operate, especially in deep sea. In this paper, we presented a low-cost method, hydraulic air compression (HAC), to produce a large number of nanobubbles and proved that nanoscale gas bubbles could be produced by HAC for the first time. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was used to measure the size and concentration of produced nanobubbles. It indicated that the concentration of nanobubbles would increase as the downpipe height increases. Degassed measurements proved that produced “nanoparticles” are gas nanobubbles indeed. More dissolved oxygen in water would provide the source for larger number of nanobubble formation. Those results are expected to be very helpful for water remediation in ocean in the future.     

改性生物凝胶对重金属离子的吸附性能研究

以桔子汁加工残渣为原料,制备钙型和氢型生物凝胶作为吸附剂,用于去除水溶液中的重金属离子.结果表明,上述凝胶在水溶液中稳定性较好,对重金属离子的吸附性能优良.钙型凝胶的吸附选择性顺序为:Fe3 ＞Pb2 ＞Cd2 ＞Zn2 ,饱和吸附容量分别为:Pb2 、Cd2 、Zn2 均为约1.1mmol/g、Fe3 为1.5mmol/g;氢型凝胶的吸附选择性顺序为:Pb2 ＞Zn2 ＞Cd2 .钙型凝胶对Fe3 的吸附行为明显不同于氢型凝胶,钙型凝胶以离子交换机理以及Fe3 与Ca2 之间的共沉淀作用为主;而氢型凝胶对Fe3 的吸附则以离子交换机理为主.