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Extracting and parameterizing ionospheric waves globally and statistically is a longstanding problem. Based on the multichannel maximum entropy method(MMEM) used for studying ionospheric waves by previous work, we calculate the parameters of ionospheric waves by applying the MMEM to numerously temporally approximate and spatially close global-positioning-system radio occultation total electron content profile triples provided by the unique clustered satellites flight between years 2006 and 2007 right after the constellation observing system for meteorology, ionosphere, and climate(COSMIC) mission launch. The results show that the amplitude of ionospheric waves increases at the low and high latitudes(~0.15 TECU) and decreases in the mid-latitudes(~0.05 TECU). The vertical wavelength of the ionospheric waves increases in the mid-latitudes(e.g., ~50 km at altitudes of 200–250 km) and decreases at the low and high latitudes(e.g., ~35 km at altitudes of 200–250 km).The horizontal wavelength shows a similar result(e.g., ~1400 km in the mid-latitudes and ~800 km at the low and high latitudes). 相似文献
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综述了近年来烟气抗硫脱汞材料的研究进展,提出抗硫脱汞材料设计的4种方法,分别为活性位保护法、活性位增加法、氧活性位规避法和贵金属催化法.活性位的保护可以利用材料的亲硫性或抗硫性来实现,活性位的增加可以通过表面氧缺陷构造或者气氛调控来实现,氧活性位的规避可以通过抗硫活性位的设计来实现,而贵金属催化剂的抗硫脱汞机理则复杂多... 相似文献