室内污染物的来源、危害及症状判断

人们每天大约有80%以上的时间是在室内度过的,呼吸的空气主要来自于室内,与室内污染物接触的机会和时间均多于室外.     

浮游球衣菌单株培养形态学特征的研究

浮游球衣菌是污水好氧生化处理中的知名菌种,对污水中有机物和重金属有很强的降解和去除作用.本文经分离纯化后,对单个菌株进行连续培养.该菌株在极低营养环境(A培养基)中呈现树枝状向四周辐射的菌落,在普通琼脂平板,呈光滑园形隆起的白色菌落.对数期的细胞10~12 min分裂一次;单胞菌体和短丝体阶段均强烈摆动.培养4 d后,菌丝达十几个到数十个细胞长时,丝体相互缠结成团,丝体中细胞大量逸出胶鞘.电镜片显示,菌体细胞两端均有纤维状鞭毛并相互连接成丝体,胞外有宽厚的半透明胶鞘.该菌具有在低营养环境中强力吸取营养的特性,以及快速繁殖和强烈的活动性,与其在污水处理中的卓越效果可能有关联.长丝体缠结成团时,丝体中细胞大量逸出,仅含胶质鞘团块的比重必然减轻,这可能是污泥膨胀的主要原因.在培养后期溶解氧(DO)有明显下降,也可能与污泥澎胀有因果关系.     

现代信息技术与自主学习能力的培养

随着计算机和网络技术步入学校和家庭,其在社会发展中的作用日益显著。它为学生根据自己的需要合理安排学习时间、地点和学习方式提供条件,为学生开展合作学习、研究性学习提供方便。借用现代信息技术教育,把网络技术与数学内容结合,改进教学方法,促进学生自主学习,并通过"课内——课外"相结合、"个体——合作"相结合,提高获取信息、分析信息、处理信息的能力,培养学生自学能力,让学生成为学习的主人。本文就信息技术教育与学生自主学习能力的培养的实践,与广大教师一起探讨。     

Influence of bus stop with left-turn lines between two adjacent signalized intersections

Based on the symmetric two-lane Nagel–Schreckenberg(STNS) model, a three-lane cellular automaton model between two intersections containing a bus stop with left-turning buses is established in which model the occurrences of vehicle accidents are taken into account. The characteristics of traffic flows with different ratios of left-turn lines are discussed via the simulation experiments. The results indicate that the left-turn lines have more negative effects on capacity,accident rate as well as delay if the stop is located close to the intersections, where the negative effect in a near-side stop is more severe than that in a far-side one. The range of appropriate position for a bus stop without the bottleneck effect becomes more and more narrow with the increase of the ratio of left-turn bus lines. When the inflow is small, a short signal cycle and a reasonable offset are beneficial. When the inflow reaches or exceeds the capacity, a longer signal cycle is helpful. But if the stop position is inappropriate, the increase of cycle fails in reducing the negative effect of left-turning buses and the effectiveness of offset is weakened.