准粒子注入下超导膜能隙变化的一些计算

利用 Schn-Tremblay 理论计算了 Pb、Sn 超导薄膜在注入准粒子且注入电压很小(ev<2△(?))时的能隙微小增加的效应.同时,把此理论扩展到 ev>>2△_i 的大电压情况,计算出能隙明显减小及超导-正常混合态的结果.     

P物质及其mRNA在家兔圆小囊组织内表达的研究

P物质(substanee P,SP)是第一个被发现的脑肠肽类物质。大量研究表明SP在激发非特异性免疫调节和诱发炎症等方面发挥着重要的功能。家兔的圆小囊是兔特有的肠道粘膜免疫器官,在家兔的抗感染免疫中发挥着非常重要的作用。采用免疫组化和原位杂交的方法,显示了家兔圆小囊中的SP和其mRNA的分布和表达情况。免疫组织化学结果表明:在家兔的圆小囊粘膜层和黏膜下淋巴组织中存在有大量SP免疫组化阳性反应信号;原位杂交实验结果观察到的圆小囊淋巴组织的各个部位均有SP mRNA阳性反应信号出现,表明兔圆小囊淋巴组织中确实存在着产SP的细胞。     

Effect of Torsion on Cisplatin-Induced DNA Condensation

We investigate the effect of torsion on DNA condensation with the covalently closed circular DNA as the torsionconstrained system, using an atomic force microscope. It is found that there are two stages in the DNA condensation process under torsional constraint. At the early stage, the low torsion will accelerate DNA condensation by promoting the formation of micro-loops or intersection structures; while at the later stage, the increasing torsion will slow it down by preventing the crosslinking of cisplatin and DNA since the DNA molecule becomes more rigid. Our results show the important role of torsion in DNA condensation and sheds new light on the mechanism for DNA condensation.     

不同细菌刺激下离体圆小囊中胃泌素的动态表达

圆小囊离体培养,使用大肠杆菌O78、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏杆菌和巴氏杆菌作为刺激物,观察不同时间间隔下,圆小囊不同部位胃泌素含量的变化情况。结果表明,圆小囊中胃泌素的表达量在巴氏杆菌和大肠杆菌刺激下,均有剧烈变化;而对于沙门氏杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的刺激变化不明显,趋势较为缓和。     

兔圆小囊淋巴组织中11种脑肠肽类物质免疫组织化学定位观察

采用免疫组化方法,观察P物质、胰高血糖素、胃泌素、胰多肽、生长抑素、促甲状腺素、促肾上腺素皮质激素、降钙素、胰岛素、突触素、血管活性肠肽等11种脑肠肽类物质在兔圆小囊淋巴组织中的分布及定位。研究发现上述物质在兔圆小囊淋巴组织及粘膜内均有分布,但在淋巴组织中上述物质阳性细胞的数量及分布部位各不相同。其中降钙素、胰岛素2种物质,在粘膜下淋巴组织中分布很少,只可偶见阳性细胞;突触素阳性细胞稍多于上述2种物质;P物质、胃泌素、生长抑素、血管活性肠肽阳性细胞较多,尤其是在圆顶上部淋巴组织和淋巴滤泡中均大量散在分布;促肾上腺素、生长激素、促甲状腺素阳性细胞也比较多,主要分布在淋巴滤泡部位,圆顶上部淋巴组织虽然也存在阳性细胞,但数量明显少于淋巴滤泡部位;胰多肽主要分布在圆顶上部的淋巴组织中,淋巴滤泡处较少。     

兔圆小囊中SYP分布的免疫组化和免疫电镜观察

采用免疫组化和免疫电镜细胞化学的方法,对家兔圆小囊组织中的SYP阳性细胞和胞间阳性反应物的光镜和电镜超微结构特点进行了研究。结果显示圆小囊组织中大量分布着SYP阳性表达细胞和胞间阳性突触小泡样结构,这一结果为证明圆小囊作为外周神经免疫内分泌器官提供了形态学证据。     

Investigation of the structural and dynamic basis of kinesin dissociation from microtubule by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations

Kinesin is a molecular motor that can step processively on microtubules via the hydrolysis of ATP molecules. An important factor characterizing the processivity of the kinesin motor is its dissociation from the microtubule. Here, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we studied the dissociation process of the kinesin head in weak-microtubule-binding or ADP state from tubulin on the basis of the available high-resolution structural data for the head and tubulin. By analyzing the simulated snapshots of the structure of the head-tubulin complex we provided detailed structural and dynamic information for the dissociation process. We found that the dissociation of the head along different directions relative to the tubulin exhibits very different dynamic behaviors. Moreover, the potential forms or energy landscapes of the interaction between the head and tubulin along different directions were determined. The studies have important implications for the detailed molecular mechanism of the dissociation of the kinesin motor and thus are critical to the mechanism of its processivity.     

Effects of pH on Oxaliplatin-Induced Condensation of Single DNA Molecules

By using magnetic tweezers, atomic force microscope and mass spectrometry, we study the effects of pH on oxaliplatin-induced DNA condensation, the DNA persistence length, the amounts of micro-loops and of oxaliplatin bound to DNA. It is found that the DNA condensation degree, the amounts of micro-loops and of oxaliplatin bound to DNA increase with the decrease in the pH value while the DNA persistence length has an opposite behavior. The observed effects may be related to the drug resistance of cancer cells.