准一维Cr基超导体RbCr3As3的高压研究

近年来,新型铬(Cr)基非常规超导体因呈现独特晶体结构和奇异物理性质而备受关注,成为超导领域的研究热点之一.A₂Cr₃As₃(A=K,Rb,Cs)是首个常压下的Cr基超导体系,通过化学方法脱除其中一个A离子,可以获得具有类似准一维结构的ACr₃As₃超导体.其中,KCr₃As₃和RbCr₃As₃的超导转变温度(T_c)可以分别达到～5和～7.3 K其上临界场(μ₀H_c2(0))远超泡利极限(μ₀H _P^BCS).在前期针对A₂Cr₃As₃的高压研究基础上,本文分别采用六面砧和金刚石对顶砧装置详细研究了RbCr₃As₃的电输运和晶体结构在高压下的演化规律.研究...     

铁基高温超导材料探索

<正>在一根金属线两端加上电压,电子就会在电场的驱动下做定向移动,从而产生电流。由于电子在移动过程中受到晶格原子的不断散射因而改变运动方向,这会对其流动产生阻碍,这就是电阻,它被定义为所施加电压和电流的比值。早在19世纪人们就发现一个规律,金属的电阻会随着温度的不断下降而减小。那么当温度趋近于绝对零度时,电阻会呈现什么状态?在1911年,荷兰物理学家昂内斯     

Re_3W的点接触安德烈夫反射谱研究

本文通过对不同晶体结构Re_3W样品的点接触测量和对比研究,证实具有中心对称结构和非中心对称结构的Re_3W都是弱耦合Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer超导体,同时发现在两个相表面都可以形成很理想的点接触结,即电子通过界面时受到的非弹性散射很弱.将Re_3W样品置于大气环境近六个月后重新进行测量,仍然能够得到类似的结果,表明Re_3W具有很好的稳定性. Re_3W的这种优良特性,不仅可通过点接触实验得到的参数推算出Re_3W两个相的费米速度,而且提供了一种简单的方法,可以在点接触实验中利用Re_3W来印证针尖材料的费米速度和测量其自旋极化率等.作为尝试,本文用Re_3W/Ni点接触结测量了铁磁性金属Ni的自旋极化率,得到了与前人报道一致的结果.     

Direct Microwave Synthesis of 11-Type Fe(Te,Se) Polycrystalline Superconductors with Enhanced Critical Current Density

We report a direct microwave synthesis method for the preparation of 11-type high quality Fe(Te,Se) polycrystalline superconductors. The bulk samples are rapidly synthesized under the microwave irradiation during several minutes, with a subsequent annealing process at 400℃. The samples exhibit a nearly single phase of the tetragonal PbO-type crystal structure with minor impurities. Morphology characterization shows high density, tight grain connectivity and large grain sizes around 100 μm with small cavities inside the sample. Resistivity and magnetization measurements both show similar superconducting transitions above 14 K. The magnetic hysteresis measurements display broad and symmetric loops without magnetic background, and a high critical current density J_c about 1.2 × 10~4 A/cm~2 at 2 K and 7 T is estimated by the Bean model. Compared with the solidstate reaction synthesized samples, these superconducting bulks from microwave-assisted synthesis are possibly free of the interstitial Fe due to smaller c-axis, higher T_c in magnetic transitions, better M–H loops without magnetic background and greatly enhanced J_c, and are promising as raw materials for the non-toxic Fe-based superconducting wires for large currents and high field applications.     

Magnetotransport Properties of a Nodal Line Semimetal TiSi

We report the magnetoresistance(MR), de Haas-van Alphen(dHvA) effect and Hall effect measurements on a single crystal of TiSi, which is predicted to be a nodal line semimetal. With application of a magnetic field, a metal-to-insulator-like transition in ρ(T) and a nonsaturating MR are observed at low temperatures. The dHvA oscillations reveal a small Fermi-surface pocket with a nontrivial Berry phase. The analysis of the nonlinear Hall resistivity shows that TiSi is a multiband system with low carrier densities and high mobilities. All these results unambiguously prove the existence of Dirac fermions in TiSi.     

(La1-xSmx)0.185Sr0.15CuO4的输运性质的研究

通过对系列（La1-xSmx)0.185Sr0.15CuO4（x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15)的多晶样品在4.2K-300K的电阻率和液氮温区内的热电势的测量,发现（La1-xSmx)0.185Sr0.15CuO4的电阻率在高温区呈现出线性关系,其斜率也随着x的增大而增大,在x=0.10时达到最大,而在Tc到100K的温区,随着Sm含量的增加,则呈现出由金属行为到类半导体行为的转变,同时超导温度Tc也随着降低,液氮温区内的温差热电势反映了随着Sm含量的增加,体系的载流子浓度也随之降低。     

WEAK QUANTUM FLUX CREEP AND STRONG PINNING IN THE NEW SUPERCONDUCTOR MgB2

The newly discovered superconductor MgB₂ has a transition temperature T_c of about 40 K, which is touching the upper line of that predicted by the phonon-mediated Bardeen--Cooper--Schrieffer (BCS) theory. It is interesting to investigate the flux creep in MgB₂ and compare it with other superconductors. We have measured the magnetization relaxation of MgB₂ sintered at high temperature and high pressure. It is found that the quantum tunnelling and the thermally activated flux creep are very weak, implying a strong pinning in this material.     

上海滴水湖水系轮虫群落结构分析及水质评价

 为了解滴水湖水系轮虫群落状况及其与水质因子的关系,于2010年1-12月,每月1次对上海滴水湖水系轮虫群落和水质状况进行调查。引水河道和湖区分别设置6个和5个采样点。通过调查,共鉴定轮虫35种,隶属于7科19属。其中,针簇多肢轮虫(Polyarthra trigla)、暗小异尾轮虫(Trichocerca pusilla)和裂痕龟纹轮虫(Anuraeopsis fissa)为优势种。引水河道中轮虫年平均密度为821.31/L,生物量为600.97×10^-3mg/L;湖区中轮虫年平均密度为434.98/L,生物量为317.74×10^-3mg/L。引水河道和湖区中Margalef多样性指数年均值分别为1.87±0.19和1.14±0.23,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数年均值分别为1.58±0.25和1.21±0.76。引水河道中轮虫密度、生物量及多样性指数均较湖区中高。季节变化上,引水河道中轮虫密度、生物量分别与BOD₅呈显著和极显著正相关;湖区轮虫密度、生物量分别与水温呈显著和极显著正相关。水平分布上,轮虫生物量与总溶解盐和pH值均呈显著负相关,与NO₂-N呈显著正相关,与BOD₅则呈极显著正相关。根据污染指示种、物种多样性指数,并结合水体理化性质对滴水湖水系水质进行初步评价,结果表明,2010年滴水湖湖区为轻富营养,引水河道总体处于轻富营养-中富营养水平。     

Superconductivity with a Violation of Pauli Limit and Evidences for Multigap in η-Carbide Type Ti4Ir2O

We report the synthesis, crystal structure, and superconductivity of Ti₄Ir₂O. The title compound crystallizes in an η-carbide type structure of the space group Fd3m（No. 227）, with lattice parameters a=b=c=11.6194（1） ?. The superconducting temperature T_c is found to be 5.1–5.7 K. Most surprisingly, Ti₄Ir₂O hosts an upper critical field of 16.45 T, which is far beyond the Pauli paramagnetic limit. Strong coupled superconductivity with evidence...     

Negative Longitudinal Magnetoresistance in the (8-Axis Resistivity of Cd

We report a systematic study on magnetotransport properties of the single crystal of cadmium(Cd). When the applied magnetic field B is perpendicular to the current I, the resistivities for both directions(I ‖ a, I ‖ c) show field induced metal-to-insulator-like transitions. The isothermal magnetoresistance(MR) at low temperatures increases approximately as the square of the magnetic field without any sign of saturation, and reaches up to 1140000% and 58000% at T = 2 K and B = 9 T for I ‖ a and I ‖ c, respectively. As the magnetic field rotates to parallel to the current, no sign of negative MR is observed for I ‖ a, while an obvious negative MR appears up to-70% at 2 K and 9 T for the current flowing along the c-axis, and the negative longitudinal MR shows a strong dependence of the electrode position on the single crystal. These results suggest that the negative longitudinal MR is caused by the dislocations formed in the process of crystal growing along the c-axis. Further studies are needed to clarify this point.