Quantitative Determination of Eugenol from Cinnamomum tamala Nees and Eberm. Leaf Powder and Polyherbal Formulation Using Reverse Phase Liquid Chromatography

A simple, rapid and precise reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the quantitative determination of eugenol from the extract of dried powder of Cinnamomum tamala leaves and its polyherbal formulation. Chromatographic analysis was carried out on Zorbax C₁₈ column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase of mixture of water, acetonitrile and methanol in the volume ratio of 50:40:10, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min^-1. Quantitation was performed using a UV-visible detector at 210 nm. Good linearity was obtained over the ranges of 0.20–3.0 μg mL^-1 for eugenol.     

High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Determination of Itopride Hydrochloride in its Pharmaceutical Preparation and in the Bulk Drug

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A normal-phase high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method has been established for quantitative estimation of...     

HPTLC Method for Quantification of Apigenin in the Dried Root Powder of Gmelina arborea Linn.

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A sensitive high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method has been established for quantification of apigenin in dried root...     

A Rapid and Facile Esterification of Na-Carboxylates with Alkyl Halides Promoted by the Synergy of the Combined Use of DMSO and an Ionic Liquid Under Ambient Conditions

The synergy of the combined use of DMSO and an ionic liquid viz. (bbim)⁺Br^? has brought about a rapid and efficient esterification of sodium carboxylates with acyl and alkyl halides under ambient conditions in excellent isolated yields (90–95%) in short reaction times (12–40 min).     

A novel synthesis of 1-aryl tetrazoles promoted by employing the synergy of the combined use of DMSO and an ionic liquid as the solvent system at ambient temperature

The synergy of the combined use of DMSO and an ionic liquid viz. (bbim)⁺Br⁻ has brought about a mild, convenient, efficient, and rapid protocol for the synthesis of 1-substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles via the condensation of amines, triethyl orthoformate, and sodium azide at ambient temperature in excellent isolated yields (85-90%). The inherent Bronsted acidity of ionic liquid and high polarity of both IL and DMSO resulted in a significant enhancement in the reaction rate.     

Quantitation of Eugenol, Cinnamaldehyde and Isoeugenol from Cinnamomum tamala Nees and Eberm. Leaf Powder and Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn Stem Bark Powder by LC

An LC method has been developed for the simultaneous quantitative determination of eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and isoeugenol from dried leaf powder of Cinnamomum tamala Nees & Eberm and stem bark powder of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn. Linear responses for eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and isoeugenol were obtained over the concentration ranges of 0.20–2.50, 5.00–100.00 and 0.10–1.00 μg mL^?1, respectively.     

Quantification of Dopamine in Portulaca oleracea Linn,by High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A sensitive and accurate high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method has been developed, validated, and used for...     

2540 km: bimagic baseline for neutrino oscillation parameters

We show that a source-to-detector distance of 2540 km, motivated recently [S. K. Raut, R. S. Singh, and S. U. Sankar, arXiv:0908.3741] for a narrow band superbeam, offers multiple advantages for a low energy neutrino factory with a detector that can identify muon charge. At this baseline, for any neutrino hierarchy, the wrong-sign muon signal is almost independent of CP violation and θ(13) in certain energy ranges. This allows the identification of the hierarchy in a clean way. In addition, part of the muon spectrum is also sensitive to the CP violating phase and θ(13), so that the same setup can be used to probe these parameters as well.     

Analysis of K-Transmit Dual-Receive Diversity with Cochannel Interferers over a Rayleigh Fading Channel

The need to combat the severe effects of fading and interferencein the rapidly increasing number of communication systemsproviding wireless services has motivated the study of diversityin the presence of interference.Hence the analysis of wireless systems with both transmit andreceive diversity and subject to cochannel interference is animportant tool for system design.We consider here a K-transmit dual-receive diversitycommunication systememploying K antennas for transmission and two antennasfor reception. The desired signal is corruptedby N interfering sources apart from additive whiteGaussian noise. The channel is Rayleigh fading.As a result, the channel matrix for the desired signaland the propagation vectors of the interferers havezero-mean complexGaussian entries; the entries are assumedto be independent and identically distributed.The complex receive weight vectorused for combining the received signalsis chosen so as to maximize the outputsignal-to-interference-plus-noiseratio (SINR).From the statistics of the channel matrix and thepropagation vectors of the interferers,we derive a closed-form expressionfor the probability density function (p.d.f.)of the maximum outputSINR. This p.d.f. can be used to obtainthe symbol errorprobability for different digital modulation schemes.