Rhodium Enalcarbenoids: Direct Synthesis of Indoles by Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed [4+2] Benzannulation of Pyrroles

Disclosed herein is the design of an unprecedented electrophilic rhodium enalcarbenoid which results from rhodium(II)‐catalyzed decomposition of a new class of enaldiazo compounds. The synthetic utility of these enalcarbenoids has been successfully demonstrated in the first transition‐metal‐catalyzed [4+2] benzannulation of pyrroles, thus leading to substituted indoles. The new benzannulation has been applied to the efficient synthesis of the natural product leiocarpone as well as a potent adipocyte fatty‐acid binding protein inhibitor.     

Bianchi Type-III Magnetized Wet Dark Fluid Cosmological Model in General Relativity

Bianchi type-III cosmological model of universe filled with dark energy from a wet dark fluid (WDF) in presence and absence of magnetic field is investigated in general theory of relativity. We assume that F ₁₂ is the only non-vanishing component of F _ij . We obtain exact solutions to the field equations using the condition that expansion is proportional to the shear scalar i.e. (B=C ⁿ ). The physical behavior of the model is discussed with and without magnetic field. We conclude that universe model do not approach isotropy through the evolution of the universe.     

An Integer-Programming Approach to the Bicriteria Multicasting Problem in Optical Networks

We consider the problem of designing quality-of-service (QoS)-constrained routes for a set of multicast groups in an all-optical network. We present an integer goal programming formulation with the objectives of minimizing the cost of the multicast solution and minimizing the maximum link load of the network. Based on the structural properties of the problem, we develop a variable-fixing heuristic which is easy to implement, requires a modest amount of CPU time, and provides high-quality solutions. An extensive computational study is presented to justify our claims     

Three-phase switch mode rectifier with hysteresis current control

A three-phase configuration of a switch mode rectifier (SMR) that makes use of continuous conduction waveform of the input supply current is suggested. Continuous conduction is achieved by the hysteresis current control (HCC) technique. This three-phase SMR operates at close to unity power factor and has reduced current stresses on the switching devices because of the continuous nature of input current. The conduction period considered for the rectifier diodes is 180°. Digitally simulated performance results are provided. Selected experimental results demonstrating the SMR operation are also presented     

Bianchi Type-III Cosmic Strings and Domain Walls Cosmological Model in General Relativity

Bianchi type-III space time is considered in the presence of cosmic strings and thick domain walls source in the frame work of general relativity. Exact cosmological models using various cases of ρ=α λ and p=γ ρ are presented. It is observed that the behavior of these models (with cosmic strings and domain walls), based on their physical and kinematical properties, is found to be identical.     

Axially Symmetric Bianchi Type-I Model with Massless Scalar Field and Cosmic Strings in Barber’s Self-Creation Cosmology

Axially symmetric Bianchi type-I space time is considered in the presence of massless scalar field and cosmic strings in Barber’s (Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 14:117, 1982) self-creation theory with two conditions (i) A=B ⁿ and (ii) ε+λ=0. Some physical and kinematical properties of the model, thus obtained, are also discussed.     

String Cloud and Domain Walls with Quark Matter in <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Dimensional Kaluza-Klein Cosmological Model

We have obtained Kaluza-Klein cosmological solutions in n-dimensions for quark matter coupled with the string cloud and domain walls in general relativity. Some properties of the models, thus obtained, are also studied.     

Programmable input power factor correction method for switch-moderectifiers

A programmable method for single- and three-phase switch-mode rectifiers (SMRs), operating with discontinuous current conduction to control input power factor close to unity, is presented. Single-phase SMR operation is based on variable turn-on time, while three-phase SMR operation is based on constant turn-on time     

Axially Symmetric Cosmological Micro Model in Barber’s Modified Theory of Einstein General Relativity

Axially symmetric Bianchi type-I cosmological micro model is obtained in Barber’s (Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 14:117, 1982) modified theory of general relativity. Some properties of the model are discussed.