Higher order symmetrizer and application to an unusual transport equation

We study a class of stationary transport equation with nonlocal low-order tems We obtain the existence and uniqueness of a solution in sobolev spaces     

求解复杂湍流的非线性涡黏性系数模型和代数应力模型

非线性涡黏性系数模型和代数应力模型联系了线性涡黏性系数湍流模型和完整的微分 雷诺应力模型.随着它们受到日益关注,其形式也越来越多样化.本篇综述的目的是对这些模 型加以总结并比较它们之间的共同点及不同之处,指出它们与完整微分雷诺应力模型之间的 关系,以及相对于线性涡黏性系数模型而言它们在预报流场上所具有的优势.     

Multiscale mathematical modeling to support drug development

It is widely recognized that major improvements are required in the methods currently being used to develop new therapeutic drugs. The time from initial target identification to commercialization can be 10-14 years and incur a cost in the hundreds of millions of dollars. Even after substantial investment, only 30-40% of the candidate compounds entering clinical trials are successful. We propose that multiscale mathematical pathway modeling can be used to decrease time required to bring candidate drugs to clinical trial and increase the probability that they will be successful in humans. The requirements for multiple time scales and spatial scales are discussed, and new computational paradigms are identified to address the increased complexity of modeling.     

In Vivo Residue‐Specific Dopa‐Incorporated Engineered Mussel Bioglue with Enhanced Adhesion and Water Resistance

Misaminoacylation of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa) molecules to tRNA^Tyr by endogenous tyrosyl‐tRNA synthetase allowed the quantitative replacement of tyrosine residues with a yield of over 90 % by an in vivo residue‐specific incorporation strategy, to create, for the first time, engineered mussel adhesive proteins (MAPs) in Escherichia coli with a very high Dopa content, close to that of natural MAPs. The Dopa‐incorporated MAPs exhibited a superior surface adhesion and water resistance ability by assistance of Dopa‐mediated interactions including the oxidative Dopa cross‐linking, and furthermore, showed underwater adhesive properties comparable to those of natural MAPs. These results propose promising use of Dopa‐incorporated engineered MAPs as bioglues or adhesive hydrogels for practical underwater applications.     

Determination of electron affinity of carbonyl radicals by means of negative ion mass spectrometry

Appearance energies of [M-H](-) ions from carbonyl compounds R-CO-R' (R,R' = H, CH(3), NH(2), OH) have been measured by means of negative ion mass spectrometry in resonant electron capture mode. Values of electron affinity of the corresponding radicals, CH(2)&dbond;C(X)O, NH&dbond;C(X)O and O&dbond;C(X)O, have been determined. Copyright 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.