数字全息视频成像技术及其在肝吸虫尾蚴观测中的应用

由于传统的显微镜成像需要精确的光学聚焦过程,很难检测到在水体中运动的肝吸虫尾蚴,更难以对其进行连续的动态观测.针对此问题,提出了利用单光束同轴数字全息视频技术对在水体中运动的肝吸虫尾蚴进行连续动态观测的方法,研究了其中的动态跟踪聚焦算法和视频处理算法.利用上一帧再现像中尾蚴的中心位置作为下一帧全息再现中聚焦窗口的中心位置,使聚焦窗口始终跟随观测的尾蚴移动,从而保证处理全息视频时每一帧再现像都能准确自动聚焦,使再现视频中肝吸虫尾蚴始终处于清晰状态.进行了肝吸虫尾蚴观测实验,得到肝吸虫尾蚴在水体中运动的全息再现视频,并对其运动轨迹进行了跟踪,总结了肝吸虫尾蚴在水体中的运动规律.实验结果表明,利用数字全息技术拍摄一张数字全息图即可观察到水体中不同位置的肝吸虫尾蚴,检测更加方便高效;本文提出的数字全息视频成像技术能实现对水体中的肝吸虫尾蚴或其它浮游生物进行连续动态观测.     

YF3:Eu3+的水热合成和发光性质

采用水热法合成了Eu3+单掺YF3荧光粉.分析了样品的结构与形貌,结果表明,所合成的样品为单相,颗粒粒度分布均匀.测定了YF3:Eu3+的激发和发射光谱,结果显示,激发光谱峰值分别为320,365,386,397,418和467 nm,激发主峰峰值位于397 nm;发射光谱由位于591 nm(5D0→F1)和612 n...     

KMgF3∶Ce^3＋,Eu^2＋的溶剂热合成与光谱性质

采用溶剂热法合成了Eu^2＋,Ce^3＋单掺和双掺KMgF3。分析了样品的结构与形貌。结果表明,所合成的样品均为单相,颗粒粒度分布集中。测定了它们的激发和发射光谱,结果显示：在单掺Eu^2＋的KMgF3中,没有观察到位于420nm附近由微量氧色心引起的宽带发射,只发现峰值位于360nm附近的锐峰线发射,说明溶剂热合成的KMgF3∶Eu中氧含量极低;在KMgF3双掺体系中由于Eu^2＋和Ce^3＋竞争吸收激发能,Eu^2＋把能量传递给Ce^3＋,存在Eu^2＋→Ce^3＋能量传递过程,观察到Ce^3＋的较强的发射带和Eu^2＋的较弱的线发射,并讨论了能量传递机理。     

光栅光谱仪分辨率及波长范围计算公式的研究

对水平对称式Ebert-Fastie型光谱仪的参量及性能进行了分析研究.基于水平对称式Ebert-Fastie型光谱仪工作时的光路图,用几何方法推导出了入射光线与衍射光线的夹角、入射角、衍射角、可测光谱级次及波长适用范围的计算公式,该公式可通过简单编程计算结果.基于理论分辨率计算公式,并考虑到狭缝宽度导致实际分辨率低于理论分辨率,推导出了分辨率与狭缝宽度等结构参量之间关系的计算公式,对该公式求导得出提高分辨率的方法,并举例计算得出考虑狭缝宽度后的实际分辨率为理论分辨率的83%.     

Sterilization of mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet

The sterilization of the simulated unearthed silk fabrics using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ) system employing Ar/O_2 or He/O_2 plasma to inactivate the mycete attached on the silk fabrics is reported. The effects of the APPJ characteristics(particularly the gas type and discharge power) on the fabric strength, physical-chemical structures,and sterilizing efficiency were investigated. Experimental results showed that the Ar/O_2 APPJ plasma can inactivate the mycete completely within 4.0 min under a discharge power of 50.0 W. Such an APPJ treatment had negligible impact on the mechanical strength of the fabric and the surface chemical characteristics. Moreover, the Ar ions, O and OH radicals were shown to play important roles on the sterilization of the mycete attached on the unearthed silk fabrics.     

CTAB反相微乳体系的相行为研究

实验绘制了系列十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)+正丁醇+正己烷+水(或CaCl2水溶液)拟三元体系相图。分别研究了正丁醇的添加比例和CaCl2水溶液的浓度对微乳区域的影响,发现随着正丁醇的相对比例逐渐增大,拟三元体系中微乳区的面积逐渐减小,表明过多增加正丁醇的量不利于微乳相的形成;发现总体上随着CaCl2水溶液摩尔浓度的增加,拟三元体系中微乳区的面积逐渐减小,表明强电解质的加入对微乳相影响较大,较高浓度的CaCl2会使部分CTAB失去表面活性而难以形成微乳液,导致微乳相区域逐渐减小。实验测定了电导率随水(或CaCl2水溶液)含量变化的规律,依据电解质理论探讨了微乳液的微观结构,并通过选择一定R0值的CaCl2微乳液与等摩尔的碳酸钠水溶液反应制备了球形纳米碳酸钙粒子。     

Effect of pulsed bias on the properties of ZrN/TiZrN films deposited by a cathodic vacuum arc

ZrN/TiZrN multilayers are deposited by using the cathodic vacuum arc method with different substrate bias(from 0 to 800 V),using Ti and Zr plasma flows in residual N 2 atmosphere,combined with ion bombardment of sample surfaces.The effect of pulsed bias on the structure and properties of films is investigated.Microstructure of the coating is analyzed by X-ray diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).In addition,nanohardness,Young’s modulus,and scratch tests are performed.The experimental results show that the films exhibit a nanoscale multilayer structure consisting of TiZrN and ZrN phases.Solid solutions are formed for component TiZrN films.The dominant preferred orientation of TiZrN films is(111) and(220).At a pulsed bias of 200 V,the nanohardness and the adhesion strength of the ZrN/TiZrN multilayer reach a maximum of 38 GPa,and 78 N,respectively.The ZrN/TiZrN multilayer demonstrates an enhanced nanohardness compared with binary TiN and ZrN films deposited under equivalent conditions.     

Characteristics of sealed plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

<正>Plasma electrolytic oxidation(PEO) coatings are prepared on aluminium with graphite powders added into the electrolyte.The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive x-ray analysis system(EDX) is used to characterize the surface and the cross-section morphologies of the coatings.The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) is used not only to evaluate the corrosion resistance but also to analyse the structure of the coating. Results show that graphite powders are embedded in the PEO coating.The corrosion resistances of both the inner barrier and the outer porous layer are greatly improved,and the EIS could give some valuable detailed information about the coating structure.     

基于LVQ神经网络的图像边沿检测研究

分析了传统边沿检测算子的优缺点,引入LVQ神经网络检测图像边沿;阐述了其以传统算子检测结果为教师信号,以灰度图像5X5邻域的中值特征量、方向特征量、Kirsch算子方向特征量为一组特征量作为输入信号训练权值的检测原理与训练过程,给出了特征量的计算公式;以检测脐橙图像边沿为例,设置了不同阈值、不同教师信号类型.结果表明,...