用于光纤围栏入侵告警的频谱分析快速模式识别

相位敏感光时域反射计(Ф-OTDR)在光纤围栏等动态传感领域具有重要的应用,快速、有效地对入侵信号分类识别有着十分重要的意义。基于频谱分析提出了一种称为频谱欧氏距离法(EDFS)的快速模式识别方法。该方法通过短时平移差分和短时能量法对Ф-OTDR的解调信号进行提取,确定待分析数据段;对数据段进行归一化和快速傅里叶变换,获得信号的频谱特征;计算信号频谱与预先生成的模板之间的欧氏距离对入侵信号进行分类、识别。采用三种入侵信号对该方法的有效性和实时性进行了实验验证。结果表明,该模式识别方法可以有效识别扰动信号,识别时间小于传统的动态时域规划模式识别方法耗时的1/10。同时,该方法所需训练样本较少,对环境噪声有一定程度的抑制作用。     

Generation of millimeter-wave sub-carrier optical pulse by using cascaded all-pass cavities

A novel scheme is proposed to transform an ultra-short optical pulse to a millimeter-wave frequencymodulated pulse by using the cascaded all-pass cavities （APCs）. The envelope waveform of the generated pulse train is calculated, showing effective improvement by APC cascading. The extinction ratio is analyzed with different input pulses, different cavity reflectivities, and different cascading numbers. It is shown that the cascading does not introduce much effect on the extinction ratio. Two designs by using Gires-Tournois cavity and waveguide ring resonators are proposed to realize the cascaded APC.     

Design of all-optical temporal differentiator using a Moir fiber grating

We design and demonstrate an all-optical temporal differentiator based on a simple Moir fiber grating operated in reflection. The simulation results prove that a single Moir fiber grating with only one π-phase shifted point can act as the first-order temporal differentiator and that a Moir fiber grating incorporating two symmetrical π-phase shifted points can act as the second-order temporal differentiator. A practical Moir fiber grating is fabricated, thereby proving that such a grating can act as the first-order temporal differentiator. Our results verify the feasibility, flexibility, and accuracy of the proposed method.     

光纤光栅主动稳频的短直线腔单频光纤激光器

利用1.8cm长的Er3+/Yb3+共掺磷酸盐玻璃光纤作为增益介质制作了一个可调谐的短直线腔窄线宽单偏振单纵模光纤激光器。其谐振腔反射镜由高反射率的光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)和低反射率的保偏光纤FBG构成,使用976nm单模半导体激光器作为抽运源。当进入谐振腔的抽运功率为360mW时获得了输出功率65mW,信噪比大于70dB,线宽约为3kHz,偏振消光比达到40dB的激光输出。另外,通过使用压电陶瓷(PZT)调节增益光纤的长度实现了激光波长的电调谐,其调谐斜率约为14.2 MHz/V。采用边频锁定的方式进行主动稳频,使得激光输出的长期频率波动从25MHz/10s减少到了2.5MHz/h,从而实现了全光纤结构的高功率、高频率稳定性的单频光纤激光器。     

一种基于相位敏感光时域反射计的多参量振动传感器

提出了一种基于数字相干检测和维纳滤波技术的相位敏感光时域反射计(φ-OTDR)。在该技术中,实时解调出了沿光纤链路散射回的瑞利信号电场的振幅和相位。通过分析解调出的振幅和相位,检测到了位于3.5km传感光纤上的一个由压电陶瓷(PZT)所产生的正弦振动信号的位置、频率和强度。应用维纳滤波降低了由激光器的相位噪声和探测器加性噪声引起的相位波动。系统的空间分辨率为5m。     

Digital coherent detection research on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry with simplex pulse codes

The X-ray spectrometer used in high-energy-density plasma experiments generally requires both broad X-ray energy coverage and high temporal, spatial, and spectral resolutions for overcoming the difficulties imposed by the X-ray back- ground, debris, and mechanical shocks. By using an elliptical crystal together with a streak camera, we resolve this issue at the SG-II laser facility. The carefully designed elliptical crystal has a broad spectral coverage with high resolution, strong rejection of the diffuse and/or fluorescent background radiation, and negligible source broadening for extended sources. The spectra that are Bragg reflected （23° 〈 θ 〈 38°） from the crystal are focused onto a streak camera slit 18 mm long and about 80 μm wide, to obtain a time-resolved spectrum. With experimental measurements, we demonstrate that the quartz（1011） elliptical analyzer at the SG-II laser facility has a single-shot spectral range of （4.64-6.45） keV, a typical spectral resolution of E/△E = 560, and an enhanced focusing power in the spectral dimension. For titanium （Ti） data, the lines of interest show a distribution as a function of time and the temporal variations of the He-α and Li-like Ti satellite lines and their spatial profiles show intensity peak red shifts. The spectrometer sensitivity is illustrated with a temporal resolution of better than 25 ps, which satisfies the near-term requirements of high-energy-density physics experiments.     

短腔磷酸盐玻璃光纤激光器实现高功率线偏振单频输出

单频光纤激光器在相干激光雷达、相干激光通信等重要领域有着广泛的应用。2003年Spiegelherg等首次利用长度为2 cm的铒镱共掺磷酸盐玻璃光纤实现了功率100 mW,线宽2 kHz的单频激光输出。2008年本课题组采用一个高反射镜和一个窄带光纤光栅谐振腔结构也实现了功率为100 mW以上的单频激光输出;2010年S.H.Xu等利用相     

2μm短腔碲酸盐玻璃光纤窄线宽激光器及其输出性能

<正>人眼安全的2μm激光在遥感、生物医疗等领域具有重要的应用。2μm单频光纤激光器线宽窄、相干长度长、波长可调谐且结构紧凑、设备可靠耐用,受到了研究人员的广泛关注。采用短腔结构,加大纵模间隔,保证激光器无跳模运转,是实现单频光纤激光的有效途径。传统的稀土掺杂石英光纤由于本身玻璃网络结构的原因,稀土离子溶解度较低,短腔结构难以获得足够的增益。而多组分玻璃,由于无定形的玻璃网络结构,稀土离子掺杂浓度可以比石英光纤高1~2个数量级,因此基于     

Influence of laser linewidth on performance of Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry

The effects of optical sources with different laser linewidths on Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR) are investigated numerically and experimentally. Simulation results show that the spectral linewidth of spontaneous Brillouin scattering remains almost constant when the laser linewidth is less than 1 MHz at the same pulse width; otherwise, it increases sharply. A comparison between a fiber laser (FL) with 4-kHz linewidth at 3 dB and a distributed feedback (DFB) laser with 3-MHz linewidth is made experimentally. When a constant laser power is launched into the sensing fiber, the fitting linewidths of the beat signals (backscattered Brillouin light and local oscillator (LO)) is about 5 MHz wider for the DFB laser than for the FL and the intensity of the beat signal is about a half. Furthermore, the frequency fluctuation in the long sensing fiber is lower for the FL source, yielding about 2 MHz less than that of the DFB laser, indicating higher temperature/strain resolution. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.