蟹壳基氮/氧共掺杂多孔炭的原位制备及其超级电容器性能

采用废弃蟹壳为碳源,KOH为活化剂原位制备了氮/氧共掺杂多孔炭,并研究其作为电极材料在超级电容器中的应用。 固定蟹壳与KOH的质量比为5:3,考察了煅烧温度对所得炭材料产率、孔结构和氮氧含量的影响。 结果表明,蟹壳基炭材料的孔结构和氮/氧含量可通过改变煅烧温度调变。 随着煅烧温度从500 ℃上升至700 ℃,多孔炭的比表面积和孔体积逐渐增大,而氮/氧含量随温度升高则降低。 采用循环伏安和恒流充放电对所得材料的电化学性能进行测试。 结果表明,所得多孔炭的电化学性能取决于其孔结构与氮/氧表面性质的协同作用,其中煅烧温度为600 ℃所得的多孔炭比表面积为612 m²/g,氮和氧含量分别为3.53%和32.8%,在50 mA/g的电流密度下比电容达到310 F/g,循环1000次比电容仍然保持95%以上,展现出良好的电化学性能。     

基于空频域结合的显著目标检测

为了能更准确地检测出图像中的各种显著性目标,针对单一域的显著性目标检测方法容易造成有用信息遗失的缺点,提出一种将图像频域的全局信息与空域的局部信息结合获得更全面的显著性目标信息的新模型。通过融合两个域中的有用信息,将空域中的局部信息与频域中的全局信息进行信息的优势互补。此模型不但可以加强复杂背景下显著区域部分,而且可以有效抑制重复的非显著性部分。实验表明该模型方法相对于其它单一域的模型能较好的提取显著性目标区域,与单一的空频域模型比较,在准确率上相对于空域模型提高9.5%,相对于频域模型提高了6.3%。     

面向群组移动的轻型位置服务研究

针对现实应用中大规模MANET网络节点呈现的群组移动特性,提出了面向群组移动的轻型位置服务协议GHLLS。G-HLLS协议将HLLS协议框架与分簇机制相结合,从而保证位置更新及请求机制适应群组移动特性。基于OPNET的仿真实验,从负载、服务成功率、存储开销多个方面对G-HLLS协议性能进行了分析,验证了G-HLLS协议在大规模群组移动网络中表现出的优越性能。     

基于Er3+掺杂上转换纳米粒子的生物成像研究进展

上转换纳米粒子能够在近红外光的激发下发射可见光波段的高能光子.相对于传统荧光材料,上转换纳米粒子具有更好的组织穿透深度以及更好的生物相容性,减少了生物细胞组织自身荧光干扰,在高灵敏度的生物成像领域具有广阔的应用前景.铒(Erbium,Er)作为一种稀土金属元素,在近红外Ⅱ区(1500 nm)有很强的吸收,同时发射出红光...     

High-order harmonic generation of CO_2 with different vibrational modes in an intense laser field

We apply the strong-field Lewenstein model to demonstrate the high-order harmonic generation of CO_2 with three vibrational modes(balance vibration,bending vibration,and stretching vibration) driven by an intense laser field.The results show that the intensity of harmonic spectra is sensitive to molecular vibrational modes,and the high harmonic efficiency with stretching vibrational mode is the strongest.The underlying physical mechanism of the harmonic emission can be well explained by the corresponding ionization yield and the time-frequency analysis.Finally,we demonstrate the attosecond pulse generation with different vibrational modes and an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of about 112 as is generated.     

悬浮液进样-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定竹叶中铜和铅的溶出率

竹叶10.000 0 g置于500 mL烧杯中,加水400 mL,煎煮约30 min后,过滤后浓缩至约200 mL,离心30 min后,上层清液即为竹叶水煎液;竹叶粉末(过0.075 mm筛孔)0.018 0 g,加0.15%(质量分数)琼脂溶液3.5 mL和硝酸(2+98)溶液1 mL置于10 mL比色管中,用水定容,超声15 min,制得竹叶悬浮液。采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法分别测定竹叶悬浮液、竹叶水煎液中的铜和铅含量,进而计算出竹叶中铜和铅的溶出率。结果表明,铜和铅的溶出率分别为7.37%,13.34%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于5%。     

被动式毫米波成像图像的一种增强算法

被动式毫米波具有穿透性的优点 ,能穿透雾、烟、衣物等 ,因此被用来检测藏匿于人衣物下的武器。被动式毫米波成像系统获得的图像都很模糊 ,并且由于衍射使生成图像的带宽很窄。文中研究被动式毫米波成像图像的增强问题 ,在灰度调整和非线性外推增强相结合的基础上 ,提出了一种有效地被动式毫米波成像图像的增强算法。应用该算法增强后的图像 ,清晰度明显优于原始图像。     

Controlling the contributions to high-order harmonic generation from different nuclei of N_2 with an orthogonally polarized two-color laser field

The generation of high-order harmonic and the attosecond pulse of the N2 molecule with an orthogonally polarized two-color laser field are investigated by the strong-field Lewenstein model.We show that the control of contributions to high-order harmonic generation(HHG) from different nuclei is realized by properly selecting the relative phase.When the relative phase is chosen to be φ= 0.4π,the contribution to HHG from one nucleus is much more than that from another.Interference between two nuclei can be suppressed greatly; a supercontinuum spectrum of HHG appears from 40 e V to125 e V.The underlying physical mechanism is well explained by the time–frequency analysis and the semi-classical threestep model with a finite initial transverse velocity.By superposing several orders of harmonics,an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of 80 as can be generated.     

High-order harmonic generation of the N2 molecule in two-color circularly polarized laser fields

The generation of high-order harmonics and the attosecond pulse of the N₂ molecule in two-color circularly polarized laser fields are investigated by the strong-field Lewenstein model. We show that the plateau of spectra is dramatically extended and a continuous harmonic spectrum with the bandwidth of 113 eV is obtained. When a static field is added to the x direction, the quantum path control is realized and a supercontinuum spectrum can be obtained, which is beneficial to obtain a shorter attosecond pulse. The underlying physical mechanism is well explained by the time-frequency analysis and the semi-classical three-step model with a finite initial transverse velocity. By superposing several orders of harmonics in the combination of two-color circularly polarized laser fields and a static field, an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of 30 as can be generated.     

MOOC兴起对我国远程教育的影响与启示

MOOC是一种新型的远程在线教育模式,其教学理念、教学过程、管理方式对我国远程教育的发展和改进具有许多值得借鉴之处,文中从教育理念、教学过程、教学质量等方面分析MOOC兴起对我国远程教育带来的影响.