Fast Optical Switching Using Oriented Cyanine Dye-Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal

A cyanine dye, 2-[7-（1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-trimethyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene）-1,3,5-heptatrienyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium iodide （NK-125）, is doped in 4-cyano-4＇-pentylbiphenyl （5 CB）, and the mixture is sandwiched between two pieces of rubbed glass plates. The third-order nonlinear optical properties of the oriented NK-125-SCB layers are measured by the resonant femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 760 nm. The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of one of the present samples is 5.5×10^-8 esu. The slow DFWM response of the NK-125-SCB layers due to a population grating is accelerated by the increasing laser power because of amplified spontaneous emission （ASE）. On the other hand, we do not observe a similar phenomenon for NK-125- polyethylene glycol （PEG-400）. Oriented NK-125 molecules in nematic liquid crystals must have very high ASE efficiency. Hence the population grating in a DFWM signal disappears within about 4 ps. It is expected that NK-125-SCB can be used as a material for very fast all-optical switching.     

Super-Resolution Recording by an Organic Photochromic Mask Layer

By using the super-resolution near-field structure （super-RENS） method, the super-resolution recording marks are obtained practically by an organic photochromic diarylethene mask layer, under much lower recording laser power of 0.45roW. The size of recording marks is decreased by 60% （from 1.6μm to 0.7μm） for a diarylethene （photo-mode） recording layer by the optical detection method （limited by optical diffraction）, or decreased by 97% （from 160Onto to 5Onto） for a heptaoxyl copper phthalocyanine （thermo-optical） recording layer, the latter is much smaller than the limitation of optical diffraction. In order to obtain a desirable result, a proper extent of photochemistry reaction in the mask layer is needed. Thus, the super-resolution recording marks can be obtained by adjusting the concentration of diarylethene in the mask layer, the recording laser power, and the moving speed of the sample disc.     

基于红外图像时域特征的沥青混合料细观裂缝评价研究

为优化沥青混合料中细观裂缝的快速评价方法与效率,首先通过室内试验设计沥青混合料细观裂缝制备及其评价方法,采用线激光对试件进行扫描并采集红外图像,通过对红外图像数据分析,建立基于时间序列的温度区间特征追踪方法,进而计算温度区间特征面积及其扩散速率与线激光位移的热特性变化关系,最后对试件中的细观裂缝位置和宽度进行定量分析。研究表明,基于温度区间热效应的扩散速率,可以增强试件中细观裂缝的空间分辨率,同时随着线激光逐渐靠近裂缝,温度特征面积扩散速率明显表现出先降低后增加的趋势,说明试件裂缝处的热扩散能量逐渐降低并趋近于零,当线激光远离裂缝时,试件表面的热扩散速率又逐渐增加,体现出很强的细观裂缝热阻隔现象。结果表明,在裂缝处温度区间B、C的特征面积始终位处于特征曲线的最低波谷位置,且温度区间B的裂缝定位误差小于5.61%;同时,在可靠度水平为95%条件下,通过亚像素算法计算的裂缝特征面积宽度与裂缝宽度的相关性达到0.9952,预测裂缝宽度的相对误差不大于4.13%。该评价方法显示了基于时序特征的温度区间对不同细观裂缝宽度均具有显著的敏感性,可为车载移动式热成像技术自动化检测沥青路面裂缝的应用提供...     

PBL教学法在大学有机化学实验教学中的研究与实践

以苯甲酸正丁酯的合成为案例,将以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)应用于大学有机化学实验教学。实践表明,PBL教学法能够显著增强学生的实验兴趣,培养学生的综合实验能力,提高实验教学质量。     

电子转移途径中芳香族氨基酸的引入提高了细胞色素P450s的催化性能（英文）

细胞色素P450s是用于生物合成的多功能催化剂.在P450催化循环中,需要两个电子来还原血红素铁,并通过电子转移途径(eTPs)激活随后的还原,该步骤是反应的限速步骤.本文重新设计了巨大芽孢杆菌P450 BM3的e TPs,大幅提高了其催化性能.通过在P450 BM3的e TP中引入芳香族氨基酸,“最佳”变体P2H02(A399Y/Q403F)的催化效率比P450 BM3野生型催化效率提高了12.9倍(k_cat/K_M从65.8 L mol^-1 s^-1提高到913.5 L mol^-1 s^-1).分子动力学模拟和电子传递分析表明,在辅因子FMN和血红素之间引入的芳香族氨基酸可以显著提高电子转移速率和酶催化性能.同时,在电子传递途径中引入酪氨酸可以保护P450的催化中心,使其避免被氧化性中间产物所破坏,从而提高其催化效率.此外,引入芳香族氨基酸的策略被证明对其他P450(如CYP116B3)同样有效,改造后的酶表现出显著提高的催化效率.综上,本文策略有望拓展到其...     

基于TEM系统的回波处理技术应用

为了提高瞬变电磁系统回波辨识,设计一种新型的波形相似度算法,对接收到的瞬变电磁系统回波数据进行分析处理。针对因各种干扰因素采样到的回波数据变得难以区分、辨识,传统的回波处理方法效果不理想的情况,从空间向量的角度出发,将采样点作为评价指标,利用熵权法设置指标权重,综合各个评价指标,提出一种新型的波形相似度算法。通过大量数据实验分析,该算法在回波辨识方面取得了不错的效果,对部分厚度的辨识准确度达到了90%,具有较好的实用价值。     

风力机输出特性的实验室模拟

为了满足高校“风力发电”课程实验教学的需要,本文以西门子S7-300PLC和S120变频器为核心,构建了风力机输出特性的实验室模拟系统。通过在S7-300PLC中实现风力机模拟算法编程,使S120变频器按照风力机的输出特性对电动机的转矩进行控制。稳态和动态实验结果验证了风力机模拟的有效性。     

Large Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity of a Novel Copper Phthalocyanine--Ferrocene Dyad

Third-order optical nonlinearity of a novel copper phthalocyanine-ferrocene dyad is measured by femtosecond forward degenerate four-wave mixing （DFWM） technique at 800 nm. The second-order hyperpolarizability of the novel copper phthalocyanine-ferrocene dyad is measured to be 1.74 ×10^-30 esu. This large and ultrafast thirdorder optical nonlinear response is mainly enhanced by the formation of intramolecular charge-transfer which can enhance the delocalized movements of the large π-electrons in the molecules.     

红外差热机理分析及沥青路面透水性红外检测仪的研发

为了能通过识别沥青路面在雨天饱水后的表面温度差异性对其透水性进行评价,首先对路表温度场与透水性的相关性进行分析,然后基于高速红外调制探头等硬件以及红外路表测温、信号转换和色谱绘制等软件系统,开发了一种该领域内首台连续测速达到100 km/h的沥青路面透水性红外差热检测仪.研究结果表明,通过用红外测温技术检测的路面温度差...     

Large Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity and Fast Response of a Squarylium Dye

The third-order optical nonlinearities and responses of a squarylium dye, 2,4-di-3-guaiazulenyl-1,3-dihydroxycyclobutenediylium dihydroxide, in tetrahydrofuran （THF） solution and in polystyrene （PS） coating films are measured by the femtosecond degenerate four-wave mixing technique under resonant conditions. The molecular hyperpolarizability γ of the squarylium dye in the THF solution is determined to be 3.0 × 10^-29 esu at 764 nm, and its electronic component γe is determined to be 1.1 × 10^-29 esu. The third-order nonlinear susceptibility X^（3） of one of the present PS coating films containing the squarylium dye is as high as 3.1 × 10^-8 esu at 80Ohm, and its electronic component Xe^（3） is 1.3 × 10^-8 esu.