大气湍流下超振荡望远成像的理论研究

为了实现大气湍流动态干扰下望远镜对远距离目标的超衍射极限成像, 采用光学超振荡原理局部衍射压缩光学系统点扩散函数, 并对提高成像分辨率效果进行了理论研究。结果表明, 中等湍流强度校正后, 波前残差均方根约为波长的1/15(波长λ=632.8 nm)时的干扰下, 超振荡光场调制能够实现望远系统点扩散函数的衍射压缩, 衍射压缩倍率为0.75;对不同中心间距双孔的成像研究验证了超振荡望远系统约0.80倍瑞利衍射极限的超分辨成像效果; 波前残差的均方根大小可能会导致望远系统点扩散函数的衍射压缩倍率和成像分辨率存在差异。此研究结果可应用于高精度星点定位、超分辨望远等领域。     

Dynamical behavior and propagation characteristic of partially coherent sinh-Airy beams in oceanic turbulence

By introducing the hyperbolic sine function to Airy beam, the dynamic behavior and propagation characteristics of partially coherent sinh-Airy beams in oceanic turbulence are studied using approximate analytical intensity expression. The influence of sinh modulation parameter, coherence length and ocean parameters on intensity evolution, beam width and kurtosis parameter is mainly discussed. The results show that a non-zero sinh modulation parameter presents not only the insensitivity to oceanic turbulence, but a smaller beam width. Furthermore, it also improves kurtosis parameter. These findings bring advantages in signal reception for long distance. In addition, a larger relative intensity of temperature or salinity fluctuations, mean square temperature dissipation rate, or a smaller dissipation rate of turbulence kinetic energy is more liable to increase beam width, or decrease intensity and kurtosis parameter of partially coherent sinh-Airy beams. The results provide an opportunity for improving signal reception of underwater communication or target detection by Airy beams or their groups.     

基于“低慢小”目标雷达信号源设计

“低慢小”目标雷达信号源的稳定直接决定了雷达系统性能的优劣,线性调频（LFM）信号是目前比较常用的雷达信号源。对于雷达信号源的实现方法有很多,但是考虑到信号稳定性、灵活性以及信号衰减程度等多方面因素,采用DDS直接频率合成更加适合。采用FPGA+AD9910的结构进行雷达信号源设计,AD9910作为频率合成器件,FPGA驱动AD9910芯片实现数字斜坡（DRG）模式完成线性调频信号的生成。最终系统测试产生了一个中频信号,完成频率、幅度、占空比都可以调节的一个线性调频信号源,稳定可靠,符合“低慢小”目标雷达信号源的要求。