面向SNSPD系统的可拓展时间抖动测量模块

针对超导纳米线单光子探测器(SNSPD)应用需求的多样化,设计了一款面向SNSPD的可拓展时间抖动测量模块。基于对SNSPD系统时间抖动测量原理的分析,设计了数字化单元、时间数字转换(TDC)单元和现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)单元,实现对SNSPD输出信号的数字化、时间信息测量以及数据读取。对该模块TDC单元的分辨率、线性度和时间精度分别标定,测试结果表明TDC单元的分辨率好于55ps,测量数据呈线性,100ns以内时间精度低于36ps。通过结合实用化SNSPD系统,实现了100ps左右的时间抖动表征,并与商用时间相关单光子计数(TCSPC)模块进行对比,验证了该模块对于SNSPD系统时间抖动测量的可行性。     

Photon-counting chirped amplitude modulation lidar system using superconducting nanowire single-photon detector at 1550-nm wavelength

We demonstrate a photon-counting chirped amplitude modulation(CAM) light detection and ranging(lidar) system incorporating a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector(SNSPD) and operated at a wavelength of 1550 nm.The distance accuracy of the lidar system was determined by the CAM bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) of an intermediate frequency(IF) signal. Owing to a short dead time(10 ns) and negligible dark count rate(70 Hz) of the SNSPD, the obtained IF signal attained an SNR of 42 d B and the direct distance accuracy was improved to 3 mm when the modulation bandwidth of the CAM signal was 240 MHz and the modulation period was 1 ms.