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An acoustic vector sensor can measure the components of particle velocity and the acoustic pressure at the same point simultaneously, which provides a larger array gain against the ambient noise and a higher angular resolution than the omnidirectional pressure sensor. This paper presents an experimental study of array gain for a conformal acoustic vector sensor array in a practical environment. First, the manifold vector is calculated using the real measured data so that the effects of array mismatches can be minimized. Second, an optimal beamformer with a specific spatial response on the basis of the stable directivity of the ambient noise is designed, which can effectively suppress the ambient noise.Experimental results show that this beamformer for the conformal acoustic vector sensor array provides good signal-tonoise ratio enhancement and is more advantageous than the delay-and-sum and minimum variance distortionless response beamformers. 相似文献
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The acoustic radiation characteristics of free-flooded ring transducers made of PZT4 and PMN-PT materials are calculated and compared.First,the theoretical formulae for free-flooded ring transducers are studied.The resonant frequencies of a transducer made of PZT4 and PMN-PT materials are calculated.Then,the transmitting voltage responses of the free-flooded ring transducers are calculated using the finite element method.Finally,the acoustic radiation characteristics of the free-flooded ring transducers are calculated using the boundary element method.The calculated results show that the resonant frequencies of the free-flooded ring transducer made of PMN-PT are greatly reduced compared with those made of PZT4 with the same size.The transmitting voltage response of the transducer made of PMN-PT is much higher than that of the transducer made of PZT4.The calculated 3-dB beamwidth of the acoustic radiated far-field directivity of the free-flooded ring transducer made of PZT4 at the resonant frequency 1900 Hz is 63.6 and that of the transducer made of PMN-PT at the resonant frequency 1000 Hz is 64.6.The comparison results show that the free-flooded ring transducer made of PMN-PT material has many advantages over that made of PZT4.The PMN-PT is a promising material for improving the performance of free-flooded ring transducers. 相似文献
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海洋的声速结构对水下声传播有重要影响,在印度洋中北部复杂多变的海洋物理和水文环境中, 获取声速剖面的时空统计分布规律对水下目标探测和水下声通信有重要意义. 由于垂直梯度法在声速结构分析中的局限性及其在印度洋中北部海域的适用性问题, 采用多元统计分析中的最优分割法对声速跃层进行分析,并应用最近10年的地转海洋学实时观测阵 数据对印度洋中北部海域声速剖面的特征量进行了计算,获得了声速跃层的垂直结构特征和时空变化规律; 还利用经验正交函数(EOF)表示方法,分析了印度洋中北部声速剖面拟合精度随EOF阶次的分布特点. 根据印度洋的海洋物理特征,揭示了声速剖面特征量时空演变的内在物理机理.研究结果表明: 最优分割法是适合印度洋声速结构的跃层判断方法,并提出了相应的判断准则参数; 声速剖面拟合精度随EOF阶次变化的区域性分布特征较明显,其季节性变化较小; 印度洋中北部的深海声道轴只在5°S以南明显存在,在15°S---25°S 附近海域存在三个跃层;印度洋中北部声速剖面结构可分为单跃层、双跃层Ⅰ型、 双跃层Ⅱ型和三跃层四种类型以及春夏秋冬四个季节模态. 声速剖面的分析结果对于水声传播和声纳系统的使用具有一定参考意义. 相似文献
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舰船辐射噪声建模及仿真研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在详细研究了舰船辐射噪声特性的基础上,对其线谱、连续谱和调制包络进行了建模与仿真。连续谱采用自适应FIR滤波方法仿真,调制包络由高斯脉冲串组成。通过对仿真出来的信号进行功率谱分析与DEMON谱分析,该仿真能较好地体现舰船辐射噪声的基本声学特征。 相似文献
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凹桶型弯张换能器有限元计算及其实验验证 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
用有限元法对凹桶型弯张换能器进行了建模与分析计算。首先介绍了用有限元模型分析换能器的基本理论,然后建立了凹桶型弯张换能器的轴对称有限元模型,给定换能器的材料属性与边界条件,计算其在空气和水中的导纳曲线,及其发射电压响应。分别在空气和消声水池中对凹桶型弯张换能器的导纳曲线、谐振频率及发射电压响应进行了实验测量,理论计算结果与实验测量结果基本一致。研究结果表明,用有限元模型对凹桶型弯张换能器进行建模与计算是正确有效的,它能在换能器的设计阶段就对其性能进行预报从而指导换能器的设计,并为进一步分析换能器的声辐射特性提供了表面振动位移和振速分布。 相似文献
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提出了一种计算无界声媒质空间中任意形状辐射体辐射声场的新方法——综合Helmholtz积分公式法(Synthetic Helmholtz Integral Equation Formulation,SHIEF)。该方法将关于辐射体的内部、表面和外部Helmholtz积分方程有机地组合在一起,在已知辐射体表面法向振速的条件下,求出辐射体表面的声压分布,进而求其辐射声场分布。运用该方法计算分析了脉动球相对辐射阻抗随相对半径的变化情况,通过与理论值以及已有的其他方法(例如联立Helmholtz积分公式法(CHIEF)、超定外部Helmholtz积分公式法等)的比较,证明了该方法的正确性、准确性以及快速性,该方法有效地克服了CHIEF法和超定外部Helmholtz积分公式法的缺点。 相似文献
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水声共形阵辐射指向性计算方法及其实验验证 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用边界元方法,给出了水声发射换能器共形阵各阵元的单元指向性以及基阵的自然波束指向性和束控波束指向性。首先建立了换能器共形阵的边界元模型,并根据换能器结构和声传播介质建立了模型的边界条件,计算了其辐射指向性。然后在消声水池中对共形阵各阵元以及基阵的辐射指向性进行了实验测量。将理论计算结果与实验测量结果进行了对比,二者吻合得比较好。研究结果表明:基于边界元方法建立的模型及计算方法,对基阵的辐射指向性进行理论计算和预报是可行的。 相似文献
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