基于序列格的隐私时序模式挖掘方法

基于差分隐私的时间序列模式挖掘方法中,序列的最大长度以及添加拉普拉斯噪声的多少直接制约着挖掘结果的可用性.针对现有时间序列模式挖掘方法全局敏感度过高、挖掘结果可用性较低的不足问题,提出了一种基于序列格的差分隐私下时间序列模式挖掘方法PrivTSM（Differentially Private Time Series Pattern Mining）.该方法首先利用最长路径的策略对原始数据库进行截断处理;在此基础上,采用表连接操作生成满足差分隐私的序列格;结合序列格结构本身的特性,合理分配隐私预算,提高输出模式的可用性.理论分析表明PrivTSM方法满足ε-差分隐私,基于真实数据库上实验结果表明,PrivTSM方法的准确率TPR（True Postive Rate）和平均相对误差ARE（Average Relative Error）明显优于N-gram和Prefix-Hybrid方法.     

Accuracy and effectiveness of self-gating signals in free-breathing three-dimensional cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging

Conventional multiple breath-hold two-dimensional(2D) balanced steady-state free precession(SSFP) presents many difficulties in cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging(MRI). Recently, a self-gated free-breathing three-dimensional(3D) SSFP technique has been proposed as an alternative in many studies. However, the accuracy and effectiveness of selfgating signals have been barely studied before. Since self-gating signals are crucially important in image reconstruction, a systematic study of self-gating signals and comparison with external monitored signals are needed.Previously developed self-gated free-breathing 3D SSFP techniques are used on twenty-eight healthy volunteers. Both electrocardiographic(ECG) and respiratory bellow signals are also acquired during the scan as external signals. Self-gating signal and external signal are compared by trigger and gating window. Gating window is proposed to evaluate the accuracy and effectiveness of respiratory self-gating signal. Relative deviation of the trigger and root-mean-square-deviation of the cycle duration are calculated. A two-tailed paired t-test is used to identify the difference between self-gating and external signals. A Wilcoxon signed rank test is used to identify the difference between peak and valley self-gating triggers.The results demonstrate an excellent correlation(P = 0, R 0.99) between self-gating and external triggers. Wilcoxon signed rank test shows that there is no significant difference between peak and valley self-gating triggers for both cardiac(H = 0, P 0.10) and respiratory(H = 0, P 0.44) motions. The difference between self-gating and externally monitored signals is not significant(two-tailed paired-sample t-test: H = 0, P 0.90).The self-gating signals could demonstrate cardiac and respiratory motion accurately and effectively as ECG and respiratory bellow. The difference between the two methods is not significant and can be explained. Furthermore, few ECG trigger errors appear in some subjects while these errors are not found in self-gating signals.