Benzindoles. 21. Nitration of 3-formyl[4, 5]-and 3-formyl [6,7] benzindoles

It was established that products of monosubstitution of 4-nitro- and 7-nitro-3-formyl[4,5] benzindoles and products of disubstitution of 4,8-dinitro- and 7,8-dinitro-3-formyl [4,5] benzindoles are formed in low yields in the nitration of 3-formyl [4,5]benzindole with sodium nitrate in concentrated sulfuric acid. Similar nitration of 3-formyl [6,7] benzindole leads to 9-nitro- and 5, 6-dinitro-3-formyl [6,7]benzindoles. The 3-formylnitrobenzindoles obtained were converted to nitrovinyl derivatives by condensation with nitromethane.See [1] for Communication [1].Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 949–955, July, 1980.     

1,4-Benzodiazepines and their cyclic homologs and analogs

5-Difluoromethylsulfonyl-2-aminobenzophenone was synthesized by condensation of p-difluoromethylsulfonylaniline with benzoyl chloride. 5-Difluoromethoxy- and 5-difluoromethylthio-2-aminobenzophenones were obtained by condensation of phenylacetonitrile with the appropriate p-substituted nitrobenzenes and subsequent reduction of the resulting anthranils. 7-Difluoromethoxy-, 7-difluoromethylthio-, and 7-difluoromethylsulfonyl-5-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-3H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones were obtained by the successive action of bromoacetyl bromide and ammonia on the 2-aminobenzophenone derivatives or by reaction of 2-aminobenzophenones with aminoacetyl chloride hydrochloride. The structure of the 1,4-benzodiazepines was confirmed by a study of the UV, IR, PMR, and mass spectra.     

Carbalkoxilation of polyethylene polyamines with dialkyl carbonates

Russian Chemical Bulletin - The reaction of carbalkoxylation of polyethylene polyamines (PEPA) with various dialkyl carbonates, including fluorine-containing ones, was studied in order to obtain...     

Reduction of amorphous Fe(III)-hydroxide by binary microbial culture, a Mössbauer study

Mössbauer investigations between 4.5 and 300 K of iron minerals formed during the growth of the binary culture containing two anaerobic alkaliphilic bacteria-dissimilatory iron-reducing Geoalkalibacter ferrihydriticus (strain Z-0531) and organotrophic Anaerobacillus alkalilacustre (strain Z- 0521), have been carried out. Mannitol (2 g/l) as the sole substrate with amorphous Fe(III) hydroxide at final concentration 10 or 100 mM were added to the mineral medium. The formation of siderite and probable magnetite or a mixture of magnetite and maghemite were observed.     

Thermochemistry of nonaqueous electrolyte solutions

Concentration curves δH_m=f(m) are presented for wide concentration ranges at 10 and 25? C; the shape of the curves is discussed.     

Ferrocenylalkyl azoles: bioactivity,synthesis, structure

The toxicity of ferrocenylethyl benzotriazole ( 1 ) and other ferrocene compounds including ferrocenylmethyl benzimidazoles ( 4,5,6,11 ), ferricenium salts ( 3,9,10 ) and ferrocenylmethyl adenine ( 7 ), was studied. All ferrocene complexes under investigation showed low or medium toxicities. On the basis of an earlier model of chemical carcinogenesis, the antitumor activity of ferrocenylalkyl azoles 1, 8 and ferricenium salts 9, 10 was studied in vivo in the so‐called sub‐capsular test on human tumors. This effectiveness was compared with that of cisplatin. A series of ferrocenylalkyl azoles were synthesized by interacting azoles either with α‐hydroxyalkyl ferrocenes FcC(OH)R₁R₂ in organic solvent in the presence of aqueous HBF₄ in quantitative yields or with trimethyl(aminomethyl)ferrocene iodide in an aqueous‐basic medium in good yields. The X‐ray determinations of molecular and crystal structures of α‐(1‐benzotriazolyl)ethylferrocene ( 1 ) and α‐(1‐naphthatriazolyl)ethylferrocene ( 12 ) were performed. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermal stability of ammonium chlorocobaltates(II)

The thermal destruction of ammonium penta-, tetra-, and trichlorocobaltates(II) was studied. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) data was used to calculate the thermal destruction activation energy, which was 8.6 kJ/mol for (NH₄)₃CoCl₅, 14.8 kJ/mol for (NH₄)₂CoCl₄, and 117.4 kJ/mol for NH₄CoCl₃. The decomposition enthalpy of 35.9 kJ/mol for (NH₄)₃CoCl₅, 12.1 kJ/mol for (NH₄)₂CoCl₄, and 166.3 kJ/mol for NH₄CoCl₃ was determined from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data.     

Synthesis of mixed cerium-zirconium oxides by the sol-gel method

Mixed oxides CeO₂ ZrO₂ with the Ce/Zr molar ratios varying in a wide range were synthesized by the sol gel method. The phase composition of the resulting particles was determined. The specific surface area of the mixed oxide calcined at various temperatures was found.     

Modifications of 5,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazole scaffold via its regioselective C2,9-formylation and C2,9-acetylation

The effective approaches for regioselective double formylation and acetylation of 5,12-dialkyl-6,7-diaryl-substituted 5,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazoles by their treatment with dichloromethyl methyl ether in the presence of SnCl₄ or with acetyl chloride in the presence of AlCl₃ to afford the 2,9-diformyl or 2,9-diacetyl derivatives, respectively, were developed. Furthermore, new 2,9-bis(2,2-dicyanovinyl) derivatives were synthesized by the Knoevenagel condensation of diformyl-containing substrates with malononitrile, when new 2,9-bis(quinoxaline-2-yl)- and 2,9-bis(benzo[g]quinoxaline-2-yl) derivatives were formed via microwave-promoted oxidation of diacetyl-containing substrates with SeO₂ to the corresponding diglyoxals, followed by the reaction of these intermediates with o-phenylendiamine or 2,3-diaminonaphthalene, respectively. The basic optical and electrochemical properties of some 5,12-dihydroindolo[3,2-a]carbazoles were investigated.