Porous WO3 from anodized sputtered tungsten thin films for NO2 detection

In this paper, porous WO₃ films were prepared by anodic oxidation of metallic tungsten (W) films deposited on alumina substrates. The structural and morphological properties of the porous WO₃ films were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A large number of cracks appeared on the surface of films after anodization, which makes the films porous. The porous WO₃ sensors achieved their maximum response values to NO₂ at a low operating temperature of 150 °C. The porous WO₃ sensors showed high response values, great stability and fast response-recovery characteristics to different concentration of NO₂ gas due to the high specific surface area and special structural and morphological properties.     

两种方法制备ITO薄膜的红外特性分析

比较了用电束加热蒸发法和直流磁控溅射法制备的氧化锡铟(ITO)薄膜在红外波段的光学特性实验发现,通过直流磁控溅射在常温下制备的ITO薄膜在红外波段折射率稳定、消光系数小,比电子束加热蒸发制备的膜有较高的透过率在波长1550nm附近的透过率可达86%以上,消光系数约为004,方电阻最低为100Ω/□.     

测量行波管电子注的法拉第筒的热分析

利用ANSYS软件对测量行波管电子注截面的法拉第筒探头进行了热分析研究.分析了在单脉冲情况下,测量各种直径的不同脉冲功率密度的电子注、不同脉冲宽度对法拉第筒温度的影响,研究了测量不同功率密度的电子注可以使用的脉冲宽度.结果表明,仅法拉第筒上的注斑区域温度迅速上升,温度梯度较大,其它部分温度基本不变,为保证法拉第筒能够持...     

复眼透镜提高液晶投影照明系统的能量利用率

照明系统是液晶投影仪的重要组成部分．它将直接影响到投影仪的光能利用率以及色彩等系统性能。对于复眼照明系统,复眼透镜的良好设计可以大人提高系统的能量利用率。在对液晶投影照明系统的原理进行分析的基础上,提出了两种复眼透镜的设计方案。两种方案均采用矩形子复眼,便于设计和加工。通过对复眼透镜中每个子复眼进行偏心以及改变其形状大小来提高系统能量利用率。计算机模拟结果表明,两种设计方案与传统设汁相比,在光能利用率上分别提高了16．5％和26．3%,并且具有较高的均匀性。最后,还对两种复眼透镜的设计方案进行了分析和比较。     

消色差的1/4波长延迟器的几何光学设计

在许多光谱学测量和实验研究中,常需要一个消色差1/4波长延迟器来满足各种实验测量条件.这可以通过一个在工作波长范围内折射率变化较小的菱型棱镜来实现.为了使用方便,在光学系统中可设计一个具有三个全内反射面的V型棱镜,其总的相位延迟达90°,同时可避免光路偏差.在实际应用中,需对棱镜的尺寸和通光孔径进行优化设计,以达到最佳效果.在本文中,我们给出了具有这种结构的几何设计例子,还结合不同参量成功地设计研制了一个消色差的1/4波长延迟器,并应用于磁光材料的克尔效应测量中.文中给出了详细计算和误差修正,所给出的计算公式可用于其他尺寸的消色差1/4波长器的设计和研制.     

The Refined Analysis on the Convergence Behavior of Harmonic Map Sequence from Cylinders

In this paper, we are concerned with the convergence behavior of a sequence of harmonic maps from long cylinders with uniformly bounded energy. If the bubbling phenomenon does not occur, we give the length formula of the limit map (i.e., geodesic in the target manifold). Furthermore, we provide a geometric explanation of the energy identity for a sequence of harmonic maps from degenerating Riemann surfaces with uniformly bounded energy, proved by M. Zhu.     

Bistable travelling waves in competitive recursion systems

This paper is devoted to the study of spatial dynamics for a class of discrete-time recursion systems, which describes the spatial propagation of two competitive invaders. The existence and global stability of bistable travelling waves are established for such systems under appropriate conditions. The methods involve the upper and lower solutions, spreading speeds of monostable systems, and the monotone semiflows approach.     

Peptides-assisted charge transfers in proteins: relay mechanism and its controllability

This feature article addresses several novel aspects regarding the peptide-mediated charge migrations, including: i) radical exchanges with tunable radical types (σ-radical versus π-radical) and electron-transfer (ET)-channel-tunable cooperative proton-coupled ET (PCET) mechanism, including hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT), single ET-channel PCET, double ET channel PCET, and channel-type-tunable (σ-channel versus π-channel) PCET; ii) hole hopping migration between the active groups in the side-chains and its controllability; iii) hole hopping through stepping-stones via a solvated “hole” form; and iv) electron hopping through positively charged groups as stepping-stones via a solvated electron state. In particular, the controllability of the ET channels (pathways and types) and solvated-“hole”/“electron”-based relay mechanisms are mainly mentioned. Clearly, this is an important addition to the well-documented mechanisms for charge migration in proteins. In view of the complexity of protein charge migration, further exploration on details of the stepping-stone-based relay mechanisms, by considering the properties and structures of the redox active centers, their intercalators, and the real surroundings, is still needed.