Quinoline derivatives

A number of difficult-to-obtain heterocyclic compounds — tetrahydroquinolino- and quinolinopyrazines — were synthesized from o-dinitrotetrahydroquinolines. The UV spectra of the synthesized compounds were studied.See [1] for communication III.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 525–527, April, 1973.     

Influence of the magnetic phase transition on secondary ion emission from disordered Ni-Pd compounds of various compositions

Variations in secondary ion emission (SIE) from polycrystals of ferromagnetic disordered Ni-Pd compounds irradiated by argon ions with energy of 10 keV are studied experimentally. A considerable reduction in Ni⁺ and Pd⁺ ion emission upon transitioning from the ferromagnetic to the paramagnetic state is revealed for the following Ni-Pd compounds with various Curie points T _C: NiPd (T _C = 190°C), Ni₅Pd (T _C = 315°C), and NiPd₅ (T _C = 110°C). The observed reduction in SIE is attributed to variations in the surface binding energy and the density of electron states near the Fermi level.     

Temperature dependence of angular characteristics of boron nitride sputtering

The angular dependence of the sputtering yield and the spatial distribution of particles ejecting from a boron nitride polycrystal with a wurtzite structure in the temperature range from 0 to 2800°C under bombardment with 300 eV xenon ions are calculated by the molecular dynamics method. A reduction of steepness of the curves of angular dependence of boron nitride sputtering with increasing temperature is revealed. Features of the obtained distributions are analyzed on the basis of mechanisms of interaction of slow heavy ions with surface target atoms.     

Charge exchange features of excited sputtered particle production

Abstract

The results are presented which have been obtained by studying the angular dependence of photon and ion emission and the spatial energy distribution of excited silicon ions produced under ion bombardment of monocrystalline and amorphized silicon surface. The experimental data are discussed which have been obtained mostly by the coincidence method. The theoretical concepts making it possible to account for the observed behavioural features are also discussed.     

Influence of composition of NiPd single crystal surface layers on sputtering process

NiPd disordered crystal sputtering properties are studied via molecular dynamics simulation taking into account the segregation of upper layers. Computation is performed for a polycrystal and the (001), (110), and (111) faces of a single crystal under conditions of bombardment by argon ions with energies of 0.1 to 5 keV for normal and oblique incidence of ions. The energy and angular dependences of the sputtering process, as well as the spatial distribution of emitted particles, are analyzed.     

Detection of contrast objects inside biological media by near-field microwave diagnostics

Theoretical and experimental investigations demonstrate the prospects of near-field microwave location of malignant tumors in biological tissue. The theoretical analysis is performed in terms of the theory of near-field location developed for layered structures. The experimental verification of the theory is accomplished by sounding an aqueous medium with a controllable permittivity. The tumor contrast is calculated based on the ideas of the dielectric properties of healthy and affected human tissues. The reason for and the degree of background contrasts as applied to near-field measurements are studied experimentally. An optimal measuring scheme for minimizing the masking effect of background contrasts is proposed. The 2D images of a tumor-simulating contrast object immersed in the aqueous medium at different depths are obtained. The prospects of near-field diagnostics for subsurface temperature measurement are discussed.     

New effect in near-field thermal emission

A near-field effect has been discovered experimentally in thermal radio emission of an absorbing dielectric medium. It is related to a specific character of the distribution of a quasistationary field component near a radiating surface. The effect consists of the fact that the effective depth of the received emission formation appears to be less than the skin-layer depth and depends on the size of the receiver antenna and its height above the surface. It can be considered as a new source of information about depth temperature distribution. A theory has been developed that allows for determining the relative contribution of wave and quasistationary components to the Plank emission received near the surface.     

Effects of a Quasi-Stationary Field in Contact Radiometry

We analyze theoretically the thermal radiation of an absorbing half-space, received by an antenna of an arbitrary size located at an arbitrary height above the half-space surface. It is shown that the measured power consists of quasi-stationary (near-field) and wave components. The relative contribution of each component depends on the antenna size and height. Conditions under which the near-field component is dominant are found. It is shown that the total power of the radiation received from a uniformly heated medium is entirely determined by the medium temperature and is independent of the antenna parameters. If the influence of the quasi-stationary field is strong, then the received radiation is formed in a layer whose effective depth is less than the skin-layer depth. This effect can be used for detection of the near-field component of thermal radiation.     

Ion diagnostics of deformed regions in solids

This review concerns the processes that occur in deformed areas of the surface when targets of varied composition are bombarded with ions. The results of the scientific research summarized and discussed here are important for understanding the mechanisms behind these processes, as well as for a practical purpose, i.e., for developing a technique for identifying latent deformed areas, for example, removed figures on coins or ground-off markings on a weapon, a car, or a piece of art.     

Radiation stability of PbTe and PbSe binary compounds

The molecular dynamics method was applied to study sputtering of ordered binary PbTe and PbSe compounds irradiated by argon ions at energies from 100 eV to 60 keV at normal and oblique incidence. The sputtering of poly- and single crystals of the compounds and their components was studied. The energy dependence for sources of sputtering and for generations of emitted particles are analyzed. We discuss the specific features of the obtained dependences of sputtering of compounds having the FCC lattice of NaCl type.