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Efficient Solar Cells Sensitized by Porphyrins with an Extended Conjugation Framework and a Carbazole Donor: From Molecular Design to Cosensitization
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Yueqiang Wang Bin Chen Dr. Wenjun Wu Dr. Xin Li Prof. Dr. Weihong Zhu Prof. Dr. He Tian Prof. Dr. Yongshu Xie 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(40):10779-10783
Porphyrin dyes containing the carbazole electron donor have been designed and optimized by wrapping the porphyrin framework, introducing an additional ethynylene bridge to extend the wavelength range of light absorption, and further suppression of the dye aggregation by introducing additional alkoxy chains. Application of a cosensitization approach results in improved current density (Jsc) and open‐circuit voltage (Voc) values, thus achieving the highest cell efficiency of 10.45 %. This work provides an effective combined strategy of molecular design and cosensitization for developing efficient dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In addition, carbazole has been demonstrated to be a promising donor for porphyrin sensitizers. 相似文献
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采用有限单元法,分别对TE模式、TM模式下三角晶格等离子体光子晶体的色散关系进行了理论计算,分析了等离子体填充比对能带位置和禁带宽度的影响.结果 表明:TM模式下等离子体光子晶体在M-F、X-M两个方向上存在不完全带隙,随填充比的增加,带隙位置向高频移动,禁带宽度增大直至达到一稳定值.TE模式下等离子体光子晶体不仅存在禁带结构,还在低频处形成了表面等离子体波的平带结构.随填充比的增大,TE模式等离子体光子晶体由X-M单一方向的不完全带隙形成了完全带隙,带隙宽度随填充比的增大而增大.本文提供了一种可调谐等离子体光子晶体的有效方法,有望应用于微波、THz波的可调性控制. 相似文献
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基于两重网格离散和区域分解技巧,提出三种求解非定常Navier-Stokes方程的有限元并行算法.算法的基本思想是在每一时间迭代步,在粗网格上采用Oseen迭代法求解非线性问题,在细网格上分别并行求解Oseen、Newton、Stokes线性问题以校正粗网格解.对于空间变量采用有限元离散,时间变量采用向后Euler格式离散.数值实验验证了算法的有效性. 相似文献
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Reaction of 2‐phenylindolizine‐3‐carbothialdehyde with amine derivatives provides a new, mild and efficient synthesis of a series of heterocyclic imines. The corresponding structures of products were established by IR, 1H NMR, MS and elemental analysis. And the reaction mechanisms was also discussed. 相似文献
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The theoretical and analytical Radial Distribution Function (RDF) for non-polar mixtures is presented, and the estimation methods of model parameters (such as the minimum molecular diameter dii, mean calibration factor of volume βV and mean free path of relative motion λr,ij) are discussed. The calculated thermodynamic properties for He-H2 fluid mixtures by this RDF fit well with that of MC simulations and classical results from the Yukawa-type EOS, in which the Double Yukawa (DY) potential was used and the quantum effect was considered. Compared with the semi-empirical RDF expressions in references, the advantage of this theoretical and analytical RDF is that it can be used for all kinds of potential functions of non-polar molecules, and it covers a very wide range of temperatures and densities. The extensive practical application of this RDF for chemistry, physics and technology needs further investigation. 相似文献
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Numerical Algorithms - Based on two-grid discretizations, local and parallel finite element algorithms are proposed and analyzed for the time-dependent Oseen equations. Using conforming finite... 相似文献
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Yueqiang Shang 《Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations》2013,29(6):2025-2046
A finite element variational multiscale method based on two local Gauss integrations is applied to solve numerically the time‐dependent incompressible Navier–Stokes equations. A significant feature of the method is that the definition of the stabilization term is derived via two local Guass integrations at element level, making it more efficient than the usual projection‐based variational multiscale methods. It is computationally cheap and gives an accurate approximation to the quantities sought. Based on backward Euler and Crank–Nicolson schemes for temporal discretization, we derive error bounds of the fully discrete solution which are first and second order in time, respectively. Numerical tests are also given to verify the theoretical predictions and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013 相似文献
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Jian Li Yueqiang Lin Xiaodong Liu Qingmei Zhang Hua Miao Tingzhen Zhang 《Phase Transitions》2013,86(1):49-57
In this study, the NiFe2O4 nanoparticles have been prepared by co-precipitation and calcination process. Using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometer of X-ray (EDX), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the samples obtained by co-precipitation and then by further calcination have been analyzed. The experimental results show that the precursor synthesized by co-precipitation is the composite of both amorphous FeOOH and Ni(OH)2, but has no amorphous NiFe2O4. The results of both EDX and XPS revealed that the FeOOH species is wrapped up by Ni(OH)2 species. In the calcination process, the amorphous composite is dehydrated and transformed gradually into crystalline NiFe2O4 nanoparticles, with the metal ions diffusing. The reaction is different from the one used to prepare other ferrite (e.g., CoFe2O4, MnFe2O4, Fe3O4, etc.) nanoparticles directly by co-precipitation. With increasing calcination temperature, the NiFe2O4 grains grow and the magnetization is enhanced. 相似文献