Properties of the πh_(9/2)  νi_(13/2) band in odd-odd ~(188)Au

A new rotational band has been identified and assigned to 188Au for the first time using the 173Yb(19F,4nγ) reaction at the beam energies of 86 and 90 MeV. This band is proposed to be built on the πh9/2  νi13/2 configuration by comparing the band properties with known bands in neighboring nuclei. The prolate-to-oblate shape transition through triaxial shape has been proposed to occur around 188Au for the πh9/2  νi13/2 bands in odd-odd Au isotopes on the basis of total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations.     

Measurements on diproton emission from the break-up channels of ~(23)Al and ~(22)Mg

Two-proton relative momentum distributions from the break-up channels 23Al→p+p+21Na and 22Mg→p+p+20Ne at an energy of 60-70 A MeV have been measured together with two-proton opening angles at the projectile fragment separator beamline (RIPS) in the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron Facility. The results demonstrate the existence of diproton emission component from single-step 2He for highly excited 23Al and 22Mg.     

Doppler-free high resolution spectroscopy of carbon disulphide and the effects of a magnetic field

A single-mode autoscan laser spectrometer operating in the ultraviolet in combination with a collimated molecular beam was used to measure high resolution fluorescence excitation spectra of the CS₂ V ¹B₂ ← X ¹Σ⁺ _g transition under collision-free conditions, and the effects of a magnetic field were measured. Rotational and vibrational levels were fully resolved, and Zeeman splittings were observed in many of the perturbed lines. The Zeeman interaction was observed to induce new perturbation, which induces new transitions, level splitting, and energy shift. When the magnetic field strength was changed, the magnitude of the interaction, which was observed in the absence of a magnetic field, changed dramatically depending on the energy shifts of the Zeeman components. It is shown that the V ¹B₂(¹Δ_u) state is mixed with the B₂(³A₂) component by first-order spin-orbit interaction, and through the mixed component, the Zeeman interaction between the V ¹B₂(¹Δ_u) and ³A₂(³Δ_u) states is induced. Large Zeeman splittings were observed for most of the background lines of weak intensity, and this demonstrates that the background levels are levels of the ³A₂(³Δ_u) state. The fluorescence decays of single Zeeman components were observed to be single exponential. The lifetimes of the perturbing ³A₂(³Δ_u) levels were determined by deperturbation analysis. Triplet-triplet ³A₂(³Δ_u) → ³B₂(³Σ⁺ _u) emission was confirmed. It was demonstrated that the quenching of the V ¹B₂ → X ¹Σ⁺ _g fluorescence by a magnetic field was caused by mixing of the ³A₂ state with the V ¹B₂ state and the resulting increase of triplet-triplet emission. In a time-dependent picture, the intersystem crossing from the ¹B₂(¹Δ_u) and ³A₂(³Δ_u) states is enhanced by the magnetic field.     

Luminescence properties of lanthanide(III) ions in concentrated carbonate solution

Luminescence properties of lanthanide(III) ions (Ln = Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy and Tm) were investigated by measuring the excitation and emission spectra, and emission lifetimes in H₂O and D₂O solutions of 3 moll^?1 K₂CO₃, where anionic tetra-carbonate complexes, [Ln(CO₃)₄]^5- were the predominant species.

Electronic transitions of the carbonato complex corresponding to both the excitation and emission spectra were assigned from the energy level diagrams of Ln(III) and compared with those of the aqua ion. Enhancement of emission intensity of the complex was observed at particular excitation transitions of Eu(III), Gd(III) and Tb(III), and at particular emission transitions of Sm(III), Eu(III), Dy(III) and Tm(III). The enhancement at the emission transition was estimated quantitatively as a branching ratio from the lowest emitting state of Ln(III), and discussed in terms of hypersensitivity.

Emission lifetimes of the carbonato complexes were all longer than those of aqua ions in H₂O solution, while the lifetimes of the complexes for Eu(III) and Tb(III) shorter than those in D₂O solution. The difference in non-radiative decay constants for the excited complex in H₂O and D₂O solutions was found to be proportional to an exponential of the energy gap of Ln(III). The lifetime ratio between the H₂O and D₂O solutions showed the order of Sm > Dy > Eu > Tb, corresponding to the opposite order of the energy gap. These were discussed in terms of an energy gap law, i.e. a relationship between the energy gap of Ln(III) and vibration energies of the ligand or water molecules.     

Cellulose/poly(acryloyl morpholine) composites: synthesis by solution coagulation/bulk polymerization and analysis of phase structure

Cellulose/poly(acryloyl morpholine) (CELL/PACMO) compo sites were synthesized by bulk polymerization in the gel state of cellulose impregnated with reactive ACMO monomer. The thermal transition behaviour and phase structure of the CELL/PACMO composites obtained in film form were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy. For compositions rich in PACMO (CELL 30 wt %), it was revealed by DSC and DMA that the synthesized samples gave a composition-dependent Tg value higher than that of PACMO homopolymer, and the magnitude of the lowering of their dynamic modulus E in the glass transition region became extremely small in comparison with the corresponding drop in E noted for plain PACMO samples. These observations were interpreted as being due to the development of an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN)-type organization, resulting from successful fixation of an original netw ork structure of cellulose gels into the polymerized bulks. From the measurements of proton spin-lattice relaxation times in the NMR study, the IPN-like composites were estimated to be substantially homogeneous on a scale of a few nanometers. 0969--0239 © 1998 Blackie Academic & Professional     

Examination of Changes in 6-minute Walk Distance and Related Factors in Patients with Perioperative Peripheral Arterial Disease

Objective: This study aimed to clarify the effects of pre- and postoperative physical function on the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Method: Forty-two elderly patients with PAD who were hospitalized for revascularization and able to walk independently were included in the study. The 6MWD, ankle brachial index (ABI), weight-bearing index (WBI), gait, and intermittent claudication distance (ICD) were measured before and after the surgery, and skeletal muscle index was measured only before surgery. Analyses were performed by comparing the pre- and postoperative values of each factor using a paired t-test. In addition, multiple regression analysis was performed with 6MWD as the dependent variable before and after surgery. Results: Postoperatively, pain disappeared in 22 patients, and ABI, ICD, 6MWD, and stride length improved significantly. ICD and stride length were extracted as factors related to 6MWD before and after surgery, and ABI, WBI, and stride length were extracted as factors related to 6MWD after surgery. Conclusion: The improvement of intermittent claudication associated with revascularization suggests a stronger influence of functional aspects on postoperative 6MWD.     

氧化物晶体与薄膜最新研究进展

在工业发展的进程中,氧化物材料在电子学领域中应用最为广泛.到目前为止,即使是对于氧化物晶体材料,从纳米科技角度来说,研究的趋势是降低尺寸直到很小的尺度.近年来,氧化物的研究目标也发生了显著的变化.本文介绍了作者课题组的与氧化物晶体及薄膜有关的三个研究方向.     

Time resolved ESR study on energy difference of quartet and doublet states in radical-triplet encounter pairs

The energy difference J of quartet and doublet states in a radical-triplet pair (RTP) has been studied in pairs of triplet naphthalene (Np) derivative/galvinoxyl(Galv) and triplet biphenyl (Biph) derivative/Galv systems by time resolved ESR spectroscopy. Most of the systems studied show an unusual positive sign for J that corresponds to the relative location of the quartet state being below the doublet state. In order to explain this unusual sign of J in RTPs, the effects of intermolecular charge transfer (CT) states were examined. The observation was explained by introducing configuration interaction between zero-order RTP (RTP⁰) and CT (CT⁰) states in the encounter pair, where the RTP⁰ state is located above the CT⁰ state. Among the RTP systems examined, triplet 1-chloro-Np/Galv, triplet 1-bromo-Np/Galv and triplet 4-cyano-Biph/Galv systems show a normal negative value of J. On the basis of the estimated energy gap between the RTP⁰ and CT⁰ states, it was concluded that configuration interaction is not significant in these three RTP systems. The value of J in these RTP systems is dominated by exchange interaction, giving a negative sign. The solvent effect on the sign of J in a triplet Np/Galv system is also reported, as evidence that the sign of J is controlled by the CT⁰ state.