Ultraviolet photolysis of CH2I2 in methanol: O-H insertion and HI elimination reactions to form a dimethoxymethane product

Ultraviolet photolysis of low concentrations of CH2I2 in methanol solution found that CH2I2 is converted into dimethoxymethane and some H+ and I- products. Picosecond time-resolved resonance Raman (ps-TR3) experiments observed that the isodiiodomethane (CH2I-I) photoproduct decayed faster as the concentration of methanol increases, suggesting that isodiiodomethane is reacting with methanol. Ab initio calculations indicate isodiiodomethane is able to react with methanol via an O-H insertion/HI elimination to form an iodoether (ICH2-O-CH3) and HI products. The iodoether can then further react via another O-H insertion/HI elimination reaction to form the dimethoxymethane (CH3-O-CH2-O-CH3) observed in the photochemistry experiments. A reaction mechanism consistent with these experimental and theoretical observations is proposed.     

The anion sequence in the phase transformation of mesostructures templated by non-ionic block copolymers

A p6m to Ia3d mesophase evolution is achieved by simply adjusting the acidity and/or anion species in the presence of block copolymers; the unusual anion sequence that affects the phase behavior of block copolymer templated mesostructured solids is revealed to be SO(4)(2-)(HSO(4)(-)) > NO(3)(-) > Br(-) > Cl(-).     

高中化学合作学习有效性调研报告

课题研究以问卷形式,调查高中化学合作学习,就合作学习的开展形式和有效性所存在的问题,从个案角度进行分析.表明:合作学习提高了学生在课堂上交流与合作的意愿与能力,促进了师与生、生与生之间的交流,有助于学生的团结协作和课堂教学质量的提高;学生从单一的知识接受个体转变为效率优先、方法并重的开放式学习个体.推进合作学习,教师应从两个有利入手:一是有利于学生从无意识合作转化为有意识的合作;二是有利于知识与理论问题的解决.     

Numerical Study on an RBF-FD Tangent Plane Based Method for Convection–Diffusion Equations on Anisotropic Evolving Surfaces

In this paper, we present a fully Lagrangian method based on the radial basis function (RBF) finite difference (FD) method for solving convection–diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs) on evolving surfaces. Surface differential operators are discretized by the tangent plane approach using Gaussian RBFs augmented with two-dimensional (2D) polynomials. The main advantage of our method is the simplicity of calculating differentiation weights. Additionally, we couple the method with anisotropic RBFs (ARBFs) to obtain more accurate numerical solutions for the anisotropic growth of surfaces. In the ARBF interpolation, the Euclidean distance is replaced with a suitable metric that matches the anisotropic surface geometry. Therefore, it will lead to a good result on the aspects of stability and accuracy of the RBF-FD method for this type of problem. The performance of this method is shown for various convection–diffusion equations on evolving surfaces, which include the anisotropic growth of surfaces and growth coupled with the solutions of PDEs.     

导电性磁流变弹性体的研究进展

磁流变弹性体(magnetorheological elastomer,MRE)因其独特的场相关性能在工程应用领域引起了广泛关注.论文介绍了MRE的最新发展,重点介绍导电性MRE在材料设计、力学行为和实际应用等方面的研究现状.论文从高性能导电性MRE的研制开始,讨论了材料与结构设计中涉及的关键问题;介绍了导电性MRE材料在磁场作用下的磁、力、电学行为的耦合作用机理和相关物理模型;之后对导电性MRE器件的研究现状进行了总结;最后展望了导电性MRE的发展潜力和面临的挑战.     

Rutin Inhibits Ox-LDL-Mediated Macrophage Inflammation and Foam Cell Formation by Inducing Autophagy and Modulating PI3K/ATK Signaling

Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the leading causes of death among the elderly, and is primarily caused by foam cell generation and macrophage inflammation. Rutin is an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-allergic, and antiviral flavonoid molecule, known to have anti-atherosclerotic and autophagy-inducing properties, but its biological mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we uncovered that rutin could suppress the generation of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ox-LDL-induced M2 macrophages and enhance their polarization. Moreover, rutin could decrease foam cell production, as shown by oil red O staining. In addition, rutin could increase the number of autophagosomes and the LC3II/I ratio, while lowering p62 expression. Furthermore, rutin could significantly inhibit the PI3K/ATK signaling pathway. In summary, rutin inhibits ox-LDL-mediated macrophage inflammation and foam cell formation by inducing autophagy and modulating PI3K/ATK signaling, showing potential in treating atherosclerosis.     

Terahertz Dual-Band Near-Zero Effective Index Metamaterial Based on Double-Sided Metal Microstructure

Journal of Russian Laser Research - The zero-refractive-index metamaterials have excellent electromagnetic properties, which provide new ideas and methods to realize the control of electromagnetic...     

茚三酮衍生高效毛细管电泳法测定纯奶中的甘氨酸含量

建立了茚三酮衍生高效毛细管电泳法测定纯奶中甘氨酸含量的方法,该法可选择性测定甘氨酸含量。使用氯化镁为蛋白沉淀剂,沉淀效果较好,研究了甘氨酸–茚三酮聚合物衍生条件,确定最佳实验条件为:未涂层弹性石英毛细管柱(60 cm×75μm,有效长度49 cm),分离缓冲溶液为3.5 mmol磷酸二氢钾–8.2 mmol磷酸氢二钠(pH 6.8),检测波长为570 nm,电泳电压为25 kV,进样压力为25 kPa,进样时间为3 s,电泳温度为室温。甘氨酸的线性范围为2.00~200.00μg/mL,检出限为0.14μg/mL,线性相关系数不小于0.999。甘氨酸的加标回收率为88.7%~107.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2.9%~4.2%(n=6)。该法简便、快速、准确,可用于测定纯奶中甘氨酸含量。     

Enhancing the Cellulose-Degrading Activity of Cellulolytic Bacteria CTL-6 (Clostridium thermocellum) by Co-Culture with Non-cellulolytic Bacteria W2-10 (Geobacillus sp.)

The effect of a non-cellulolytic bacterium W2-10 (Geobacillus sp.) on the cellulose-degrading activity of a cellulolytic bacterium CTL-6 (Clostridium thermocellum) was determined using cellulose materials (paper and straw) in peptone cellulose solution (PCS) medium under aerobic conditions. The results indicated that in the co-culture, addition of W2-10 resulted in a balanced medium pH, and may provide the required anaerobic environment for CTL-6. Overall, addition of W2-10 was beneficial to CTL-6 growth in the adverse environment of the PCS medium. In co-culture with W2-10, the CTL-6 cellulose degradation efficiency of filter paper and alkaline-treated wheat straw significantly increased up to 72.45 and 37.79 %, respectively. The CMCase activity and biomass of CTL-6 also increased from 0.23 U ml^?1 and 45.1 μg ml^?1 (DNA content) up to 0.47 U ml^?1 and 112.2 μg ml^?1, respectively. In addition, co-culture resulted in accumulation of acetate and propionate up to 4.26 and 2.76 mg ml^?1. This was a respective increase of 2.58 and 4.45 times, in comparison to the monoculture with CTL-6.