Percolation approach to film formation from surfactant-free polystyrene particles

In this study, a film formation process from surfactant-free polystyrene (PS) latex particles is reported. Steady state fluorescence (SSF) and photon transmission (UVV) techniques were used to study the evolution of film formation. The latex films were prepared from pyrene (P)-labeled PS particles at room temperature and annealed at time intervals of 2.5?min above the glass transition temperature (T _g) of PS. During the annealing processes, the transparency of the film changed considerably. Fluorescence intensity (I _0P) from P was measured after each annealing step to monitor the stages of film formation. Evolution of transparency of latex films were monitored by using photon transmission intensity, I _tr. A drastic increase in I _tr and I _0P above the critical annealing times, t _r and t _c were attributed, respectively to percolation behavior of PS material from one side to the other side of the latex film. Critical exponents, β of percolation clusters were measured and found to be around 0.35 and 0.25 for I _tr and I _0P measurements, respectively.     

Optimal control of parabolic variational inequalities with delays and state constraint

In this paper, an optimal control problem for parabolic variational inequalities with delays and state constraint is investigated and the necessary conditions for optimal controls are derived.     

Diode-pumped continuous-wave eye-safe Nd:YAG laser at 1415 nm

We describe the output performance of the 1415 nm emission in Nd:YAG in a plane-concave cavity under traditional pumping into the 4F5/2 level (808 nm) and direct in-band pumping into the 4F3/2 level (885 nm). An end-pumped Nd:YAG laser yielded maximum cw output power of 6.3 W and 4.2 W at 885 nm and 808 nm laser diode (LD) pumping, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest output power of a LD-pumped 1415 nm laser.     

General Iterative Methods for Semigroups of Nonexpansive Mappings Related to Optimization Problems

Abstract

In this article, we introduce two general iterative methods for a certain optimization problem of which the constrained set is the set of the solution set of the variational inequality problem for the fixed point set of nonexpansive semigroups in Hilbert spaces. Under some control conditions, we establish the strong convergence of the proposed methods to the fixed point set, which is the unique solution of a certain optimization problem. Applications to solutions of equilibrium problems are also presented.     

A fixed point theorem for nonexpansive semigroups in p-uniformly convex Banach spaces

We prove that if RUC(S) has a left invariant mean,ρ = {T _s :s ∈S} is a continuous representation ofS as nonexpansive mappings on a closed convex subsetC of a p-uniformly convex and p-uniformly smooth Banach space andC contains an element of bounded orbit, thenC contains a common fixed point forρ.     

Minimal and Pseudo-Umbilical Rotational Surfaces in Euclidean Space {\mathbb{E}^4}

In this paper we study general rotational surfaces in ${\mathbb{E}^4}$ whose meridian curves lie in two-dimensional planes. We firstly find all minimal general rotational surfaces by solving the differential equation that characterizes minimal general rotational surfaces. Then we determine all pseudo-umbilical general rotational surfaces in ${\mathbb{E}^4}$ .     

Ishikawa and Mann iteration methods for strongly accretive operators

LetE be a smooth Banach space. Suppose T:E →E is a strongly accretive map. It is proved that each of the two well known fixed point iteration methods (the Mann and Ishikawa iteration methods), under suitable conditions, converges strongly to a solution of the equationTx =f.     

Generalized nonlinear variational‐like inequalities in reflexive Banach spaces

In this paper, we introduce and study a new class of generalized nonlinear mixed variational‐like inequalities in reflexive Banach spaces. By applying the auxiliary principle technique and the minimax inequality, we establish the existence and uniqueness theorems for solutions of generalized nonlinear mixed variational‐like inequalities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Stability of a periodic solution for fuzzy differential equations

In this paper, we consider the fuzzy differential equations $$\frac{{dx(t)}}{{dt}} = F(t,x(t)) and x(t_0 ) = x_0 \in E^n $$ whereF(t,x(t)) is a continuous fuzzy mapping on [0, ∞)×E ⁿ . The purpose of this paper is to prove that the solution ?(t) of the fuzzy differential equations is equiasymptotically stable in the large and uniformly asymptotically stable in the large.