Deuteron and neutron structure functions and the effect of relativistic Fermi motion

The deep-inelastic deuteron structure function (SF) F₂^D in the covariant approach in the light-cone variables is considered. The neutron SF F₂ⁿ is extracted from the deuteron and proton experimental data taking into account the relativistic deuteron model and the parametrization of F₂ⁿ is obtained. The effect of the relativistic Fermi motion is estimated to be 6% at x0.7. The extracted neutron SF is used to verify the Gottfried sum rule. It is shown that the violation of the flavour symmetry of the sea can be large with increasing Q².     

Synthesis of Ozone in a Surface Barrier Discharge with a Plasma Electrode

The synthesis of ozone from oxygen in a cylindrical ozonizer operating under surface discharge conditions with a plasma electrode was studied. The conditions of ozone synthesis were optimized. The dependence of ozone concentration and specific energy consumption on gas pressure in the plasma electrode and on distance between the coils of a corona electrode was determined. The results were compared with data obtained with the use of classical surface barrier discharge.__________Translated from Khimiya Vysokikh Energii, Vol. 39, No. 4, 2005, pp. 307–311.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Alemskaya, Lelevkin, Tokarev, Yudanov.     

Selective water sorbents for multiple applications, 3. CaCl2 solution confined in micro- and mesoporous silica gels: Pore size effect on the “solidification-melting” diagram

In this communication we present a low-temperature “solidification-melting” phase diagram for CaCl₂/H₂O solutions confined in KSK and KSM silica gels. At salt concentrations of 0–48 wt. %, the diagram has been found to lie below the diagram reported for the bulk system by 15–30°C. It shows a depression of the solution melting point due to its confinment to the pores. Several other peculiarities of melting and solidification in this system are also reported and discussed. Beside fundamental interest, the data obtained could be of importance in many commercial areas such as refrigeration, accumulation of low temperature heat, frost prevention in building materials,etc.     

Influence of cone algorithm parameters on efficiency and characteristics of reconstructed jets in p-p interactions at \sqrt s = 200 GeV

The influence of the cone algorithm parameters (E _cut, E _seed, R) on efficiency and characteristics of reconstructed jets in p-p collisions at the energy $\sqrt s $ = 200 GeV is studied. Event generation was carried out using the Monte Carlo code PYTHIA. The fraction of dijet event production as a function of transverse momentum of the hard process $\hat p_ \bot $ for different algorithm parameters is studied. The dependence of energy and parton direction reconstruction accuracy for dijet events and two leading jets in N-jet (N _Jet ≥ 2) events on the algorithm parameters is found. The results of jet modeling are compared with predictions obtained in the framework of z-scaling and experimental data obtained at RHIC. It is proved that the slope parameter of the scaling function is independent of the algorithm parameters in the transverse jet energy range E _T ^Jet = 25–60 GeV. It is shown that in the region E _T ^Jet < 25 GeV, strong dependence of invariant cross sections and the slope of the scaling function on the algorithm parameters is observed, and this dependence is enhanced with decreasing E _T ^Jet .     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">z</Emphasis>-Scaling and high-<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis></Subscript> particle production in hadron-hadron and hadron-nucleus collisions at high energies

The general features of particle production in hadron-hadron and hadron-nucleus collisions at high energy and transverse momentum using the concept of z-scaling are reviewed. z-Presentation of experimental data on the inclusive cross sections obtained at ISR, SPS, and Tevatron is presented and its properties are discussed. It is argued that the properties reflect the fundamental symmetries such as self-similarity, locality, and fractality. z-Scaling is used to predict particle yields in hadron-hadron and hadron-nucleus collisions at RHIC and LHC energies. The violation of z-scaling is considered as a signature of new physics phenomena.     

Investigation of the turbulent mixing of thin layers of materials of different density during the laser acceleration of flat multilayer targets in the Iskra-4 facility

The results of the first experiments devised to investigate the mixing of thin layers of Al and Au during the laser acceleration of flat three-layer targets of Si (5 μm), Al (2 μm), and Au (0.05–0.26 μm) by radiation converted to the second harmonic from the Iskra-4 iodine laser with an intensity of 4×10¹³−7×10¹³ W/cm² (τ _0.5∼1 ns), which acts on the Si side of the target. A method for detecting the occurrence of mixing is developed. It is established that under the experimental conditions the thickness of the mixing region is at least ∼0.15 μm. The results of a theoretical analysis of the evolution of the disturbances leading to mixing are presented. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 111, 882–888 (March 1997) Deceased.     

Comparison of fractal analysis methods in the study of fractals with independent branching

The notion of dimension as a quantitative characteristic of space geometry is discussed. It is supposed that hadrons created in interactions between particles and nuclei can be considered sets of points possessing fractal properties in the three-dimensional phase space (p _T , η, ?). The Hausdorff-Besicovich dimension D _F is considered the most natural characteristic for determining the fractal dimension. Different methods for determining the fractal dimension are compared: box counting (BC), P-adic coverage (PaC), and system of equations of P-adic coverage (SePaC). A procedure for choosing optimum values of parameters of the considered methods is presented. These parameters are shown to be able to reconstruct the fractal dimension D _F , number of levels N _lev, and fractal structure with maximal efficiency. The features of the PaC- and SePaC-methods in the analysis of fractals with independent branching are noted.     

Nonconservation of the fermion number and the limiting density of fermionic matter (two-dimensional gauge model)

Conclusions Thus, at the present time there are two possible ways for instability to develop in gauge theories at high fermion density. In the four-dimensional Abelian model considered in [1] there is ultimately formed an anomalous state characterized by zero density of the real fermions, zero scalar condensate, and large gauge field condensate. In the two-dimensional model considered in the present paper, the effects of the complicated vacuum structure have the consequence that the system undergoes a transition to a normal state with low fermion density above a topologically nontrivial vacuum, this transition being accompanied by nonconservation of the fermion number. It is of undoubted interest to clarify which of these possibilities is realized in realistic non-Abelian four-dimensional theories (for example, in the standard model of electroweak interactions), i. e., to consider the existence of stable anomalous states in such theories. This question will be considered in later papers.Institute of Nuclear Research, USSR Academy of Sciences. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 68, No. 1, pp. 3–17, July, 1986.     

Raman spectra of TlGaSe<Subscript>2</Subscript> single crystals

The results of the study of the Raman spectrum of TlGaSe₂ single crystals are presented. The ability of these layered crystals to cleave into plates with mirror faces, being a consequence of significant asymmetry of the chemical bond, makes them promising materials for photoelectric converters.