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1.
Understanding and control of the surface properties such as molecular orientations are of great importance in numerous applications of ionic liquids. However, there remain discrepancies among the previous experimental and theoretical studies on the surface orientation and structures of room temperature ionic liquids(RTIL) systems. In this article, the orientation of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium([bmin]) cation at the air/liquid interface of a characteristic RTIL, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate([bmim][PF6]), was investigated by the sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy(SFG-VS). Detailed polarization and experimental configuration analyses of the SFG-VS spectra showed the possibility of a small spectral splitting in the CH3 symmetric stretching region, which can be further attributed to the probable existence of multiple orientations for the interfacial [bmim] cations. In addition, the(N)–CH3 vibrations were absent, ruling out the prediction by several recent molecular dynamics simulations which state that portions of the [bmim] cations orient with a standing-up(N)–CH3 group at the ionic liquid surface. Hence, new realistic theoretical models have to be developed to reflect the complex nature of the ionic liquid surface. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
ALEPH Collaboration D. Buskulic D. Casper I. De Bonis D. Decamp P. Ghez C. Goy J. -P. Lees A. Lucotte M. -N. Minard et al. 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1995,69(1):379-392
A data sample of about 3.0 million hadronicZ decays collected by the ALEPH experiment at LEP in the years 1991 through 1994 is used to make an inclusive selection of
B hadron events. In this event sample 4227±140±252B* mesons in the decayB*→Bγ and 1944±108±161B**
u,d
mesons decaying into a B meson and a charged pion are reconstructed. Here and in the followingB**
u,d
denotes the eightL=1(bū) and (bd) states and their charge conjugate.
For the well establishedB* meson the following quantities are obtained:ΔM=M
B*−MB=(45.30±0.35±0.87) MeV/c2 andN
B*/(N
B+N
B*)=(77.1±2.6±7.0)%. The angular distribution of the photons in theB* rest frame is used to measure the relative contribution of longitudinalB* polarization states to beσ
L/(σ
L+σ
T)=(33±6±5)%. 相似文献
5.
6.
N.D. Tho N. Chau S.C. Yu H.B. Lee N.D. The L.A. Tuan 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006
Effect of annealing on the soft magnetic properties of Fe73.5Si13.5B9Nb3Au1 amorphous ribbon has been investigated by means of structure examination, magnetoimpedance ratio (MIR) and incremental permeability ratio (PR) spectra measured in the frequency range of 1–10 MHz at a fixed current of 10 mA X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the as-cast sample was amorphous and it became nanocrystalline under a proper heat treatment. When annealing amorphous alloy at 530 °C for 30, 60, 90 min, soft magnetic properties have been improved drastically. Among the samples investigated, the sample annealed at 530 °C for 90 min showed the softest magnetic behavior. The MIR and PR curves revealed the desirable changes in anisotropy field depending upon annealing. 相似文献
7.
8.
The ALEPH Collaboration A. Heister et al. 《The European Physical Journal C - Particles and Fields》2003,29(2):143-170
An improved search for B
s
0 oscillations is performed in the ALEPH data sample collected during the first phase of LEP, and reprocessed in 1998. Three
analyses based on complementary event selections are presented. First, decays of B
s
0 mesons into hadronic flavour eigenstates are fully reconstructed. This selection yields a small sample of candidates with
excellent decay length and momentum resolution and hi gh average B
s
0 purity. Semileptonic decays with a reconstructed
D
s
- meson provide a second sample with larger statistics, high average
B
s
0 purity, but a poorer momentum and decay length resolution due to the partial decay reconstruction. Finally, semileptonic
b-hadron decays are inclusively selected and yield the data sample with the highest sensitivity to B
s
0 oscillations, as the much higher statistics compensate for the low average B
s
0 purity and poorer time resolution. A lower limit is set atps-1 at 95% C.L., significantly lower than the expected limit of 15.2 ps-1.
Received: 21 February 2003 / Published online: 11 June 2003 相似文献
9.
The Ze-Ro Zeuthen-Roma Collaboration 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2003,17(3):365-368
The accuracy of structure functions computations on the lattice may become comparable to experimental determinations. We discuss the strategy followed by the Ze-Ro Collaboration that allows the reconstruction of the running of the leading-twist non-singlet operator in the continuum and fully non-perturbatively renormalized.Received: 1 November 2002, Published online: 15 July 2003PACS:
11.15.Ha Lattice gauge theory - 12.38.Gc Lattice QCD calculations 相似文献
10.
The Jefferson Laboratory E- Collaboration 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2003,18(2-3):181-183
The ratio G
e
n
/G
m
n
of the electric to the magnetic form factor of the neutron has been measured by analyzing the polarization of the recoiling neutron in quasi-elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons from deuterium at the Q
2 values of 0.45, 1.15, and 1.47 (GeV/c)2. The experiment has been performed in Hall C of the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. With G
m
n
being known G
e
n
can be deduced. The preliminary results show that the lowest Q
2 points follow the Galster parametrization and that the 1.47 (GeV/c)2 point rises above this parametrization.Received: 30 September 2002, Published online: 22 October 2003PACS:
13.40.Gp Electromagnetic form factors - 14.20.Dh Protons and neutrons - 24.70. + s Polarization phenomena in reactions 相似文献