A construction of lattices on certain solvable Lie groups

The purpose in this paper is to prove that there exists a lattice on certain solvable Lie groups and to construct a symplectic solvmanifold with the Hard Lefschetz property, and a locally conformal Kähler solvmanifold. We see that minimal models for these solvmanifolds are formal.     

Practical synthesis of S-alkyl thiocarbamate herbicides by carbonylation of amines with carbon monoxide and sulfur

An industrial and economic carbonylation of amines with carbon monoxide and sulfur has been developed for the synthesis of S-alkyl thiocarbamate herbicides. In the presence of potassium carbonate and solvent DMSO, S-alkyl thiocarbamates, such as thiobencarb and orbencarb (herbicides) are synthesized in excellent yields from amines, carbon monoxide, sulfur, and alkyl halides under mild conditions (1 atm, 20 °C).     

The photochemical synthesis of 4-acyl-1,2-dimethyl-3H-phenothiazin-3-ones

4-Acyl-1,2-dimethyl-3H-phenothiazin-3-ones were prepared by the photochemical reaction of 1,2-dimethyl-3H-phenothiazin-3-one with aldehydes. The structures of the newly prepared compounds were determined by elemental analysis, spectroscopic methods (ir, nmr and ms) and comparison with a sample prepared by an alternate route.     

Gamma ray decomposition of dissolved organic substances in river water without compositional change of metallic elements

A river water sample was irradiated with 60Co gamma-rays under aerobic conditions, and the changes of the organic substances in the sample were examined by the analyses of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC), organic composition, UV spectrum and molecular-weight distribution. By the irradiation, the DOC decreased with irradiation dose following the first-order kinetics. In addition, the changes of UV absorption and molecular-weight distribution showed that the considerable decomposition of polymeric aromatic structure, which is the characteristic of humic substances, took place by irradiation of relatively low dose. Since the gamma-ray decomposition does not require any oxidizing agents and pH control, it will cause no compositional change of metallic elements in the water samples and has less chance of contamination. Therefore the method will be useful in, for example, geochemical studies of trace metals in natural waters.     

pH-regulated formation of amyloid-like beta-sheet assemblies from polyglutamate grafted polyallylamine

A novel artificial protein with simple primary structure, poly(gamma-methyl-L-glutamate)-grafted polyallylamine, has been prepared and the resultant peptide has shown a unique property of pH-regulated conformation and morphology.     

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) characteristics of hydrophobic pyrene derivatives/γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) complexes in aqueous solution dissolved by grinding

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) organic dyes are currently receiving a great interest, but there are still not many reported observations of CPL spectra of hydrophobic dyes from aqueous solution. We have prepared hydrophobic pyrene derivatives and dissolved them into aqueous solutions with γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) by using grinding technique. Among these derivatives, (pyrene-1-carbonyl)serine (PySer) forms a spatially restricted dimer in the hydrophobic chiral cavity of γ-CD and exhibits excimer emission with a high quantum yield of Φ_f?=?0.68. In addition, circular dichroism and CPL signals were induced for the complex. The strong g_CPL value of g_CPL?=?+?2.2?×?10^?3 was obtained, which may be attributed to the interaction between the hydroxyl groups in the side chain of PySer with those of γ-CD and it strengthens the chiral dimeric structure.

Graphic abstract

     

Regioselectivity of Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatic compounds with several cyclic anhydrides

The Friedel-Crafts acylations of various aromatic compounds with cyclic anhydrides such as 2-(p-substituted phenyl)butanedioic, 3-phenylpentanedioic and homophathlic anhydrides were carried out under various conditions in order to obtain informations about the regioselectivity of the ring opening of the cyclic anhydrides and about the possible reaction pathways in the acylations.     

The reaction of isocyanide—mercuric chloride complexes with amines. Preparation of guanidines

Isocyanide—mercuric chloride complexes react readily with an excess of primary and secondary amines to give guanidines and metallic mercury in high yields through a redox decomposition reaction. In the presence of triethylamine, isocyanide—mercuric chloride complexes react with an equimolar amount of a primary amine to give a carbodiimide and metallic mercury. An intermediate organomercuric compound was isolated in the reaction of the isocyanide—mercuric chloride complex with pyrrolidone.     

Photochemical reactions of 6-alkylamino- and 6-alkylanilino-5H-benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-ones

Photochemical reactions of 6-alkylamino- and 6-alkylanilino-5H-benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-ones have been investigated. 6-Ethylamino- and 6-isopropylamino-5H-benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-ones and 6-methylanilino- and 6-ethylanilino-5H-benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-ones gave 6-amino-5H-benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-one and 6-anilino-5H-benzo[a]phenothiazin-5-one, respectively, on irradiation.