Sonochemical coating of cotton and polyester fabrics with "antibacterial" BSA and casein spheres

A novel antibacterial coating for cotton and polyester fabrics has been developed by using drug-loaded proteinaceous microspheres made of bovine serum albumin and casein proteins. The microbubbles were created and anchored onto the fabrics (see figure) in a one-step reaction that lasts 3 min. The sonochemically produced "antibacterial fabrics" have been characterized. The efficiency of the sonochemical process in converting the native proteins into microspheres, encapsulating the drug, and coating the fabric has also been studied.     

Optical properties of heated air, carbon dioxide, and argon

Stable-plasma generators, spectroscopic measuring equipment, and methods for determining the optical properties of an extremely heated medium with a given composition have been developed. The spectral coefficients of absorption and emission of heated air, carbon dioxide, and argon were studied. A comparison with the data of other theoretical and experimental investigations has been performed. Deceased. Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70, F. Skorina Ave., Minsk, 220072, Belarus. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 6, pp. 818–826, November–December, 1997.     

Time-spatial structure of an electric arc anode region

This paper studies the anode region of an eroding anode with a nonstationary arc-root attachment. High-current free-burning short as well as long arcs at atmospheric pressure are investigated. A technique to study the anode region of the arc is suggested. An anode moving perpendicular to the arc axis was used for estimating parameters of the anode jets at a given moment of their development. The mechanism of current transfer in the anode region is considered on the basis of electrophysical and optical-spectroscopic investigations of the arc attachment traces and plasma parameters both of the anode jet and arc column. The anode jet was found to be of importance in the stationary arc operation. The near-anode plasma parameters depend on the effect of the cathode jet. In short arcs (L_a~2 mm), the plasma temperature at the anode exceeds 20000 K, while in long arcs (L_a >50 mm), it falls below 7000 K. At plasma temperature T_a >11000 K, the total arc current in the anode region is transferred through the arc plasma, while at lower temperatures, both the arc column and the anode jet take part in the current transfer     

Population of displaced levels of aluminum and copper atoms in plasma jets

Population studies have been made for the displaced levels of aluminum 4s⁴P_{1/2,3/2, 5/2} and copper⁴D_{1/2, 3/2, 5/2, 7/2} in a plasma jet entering an evacuated space. It is found that there is an increase in the relative population (which may exceed the equilibrium value) for unstable levels of high autoionization probability. This is considered to result from accentuated recombination to excited levels in a plasma jet having frozen-in ionization.We are indebted to Academician M. A. El'yashevich (AS Beloruss. SSR) for valuable discussions.     

Spectral Complex for Controlling the Parameters of the Plasmachemical‐Reactor Working Medium

An automated spectral complex for controlling the parameters of the plasmachemicalreactor working medium by the emission and absorption spectra in the 200–1100 and 2000–5000nm ranges has been developed. To record radiation, a CCD array and a pyroelectric detector are used. Control of the spectral device functions, data recording, and the obtaining of results reflecting the workingmedium parameters and the concentration in it of components being measured are carried out by means of a personal computer. The complex makes it possible to study the temporal behavior of the workingmedium parameters being measured with a resolution of up to 10^–2 sec.