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J. R. Trudell S. D. Sample Woodgate Carl Djerassi 《Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS》1970,3(6):753-776
Chroman (I), 2,2-dimethylchroman (II), flavan (III) and 2,2-diphenylchroman (IV) were labeled with 13C or deuterium at every position of importance. The mass spectra of these labeled compounds make possible a detailed interpretation of some very complex carbon skeleton rearrangements. The combination of deuterium and 13C-labeling revealed that loss of CH3, C2H5 and C7H7 fragments from chroman (I), 2,2-dimethylchroman (II) and 2,2-diphenylchroman (IV) respectively, occurs by multiple pathways involving aryl or alkyl migrations with little hydrogen randomization prior to fragmentation. Although ejection of C7H7 from flavan (III) occurs to a small extent by a route similar to those mentioned above, its [M ? C7H7] fragment can also be formed by a pathway involving no phenyl migration but extensive hydrogen scrambling. The validity of the schemes proposed on the basis of the 13C labeling data was checked by using them to predict the spectra of the deuterium labeled compounds. 相似文献
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Albert I Tegzes P Kahng B Albert R Sample JG Pfeifer M Barabasi A Vicsek T Schiffer P 《Physical review letters》2000,84(22):5122-5125
We investigate the dynamic evolution of jamming in granular media through fluctuations in the granular drag force. The successive collapse and formation of jammed states give a stick-slip nature to the fluctuations which is independent of the contact surface between the grains and the dragged object, thus implying that the stress-induced collapse is nucleated in the bulk of the granular sample. We also find that while the fluctuations are periodic at small depths, they become "stepped" at large depths, a transition which we interpret as a consequence of the long-range nature of the force chains. 相似文献
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高碘酸钾法测钢铁及合金中锰的改进建议 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
张萍 《理化检验(化学分册)》1999,(11)
试样经酸溶解后,以磷酸-高氯酸混合酸(4 1)或(9 1)氧化至冒烟.在硫酸、磷酸介质中,用高碘酸钾将锰氧化到七价,测其吸光度. 相似文献
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Student Perceptions of Interest,Learning, and Engagement from an Informal Traveling Science Museum 下载免费PDF全文
Laura B. Sample McMeeking Andrea E. Weinberg Kathryn J. Boyd Meena M. Balgopal 《School science and mathematics》2016,116(5):253-264
Informal Science Education (ISE) programs have been increasing in popularity in recent years. The National Research Council has laid out six strands that ISE programs should try to address, including increasing interest, knowledge, and allowing participants to engage in scientific activities. Past research suggests that informal settings can increase interest in science and may lead to knowledge gains. This study examined the impact of a unique ISE program that resembles a traveling museum and offers small‐scale, interactive experiences. Affective outcomes and self‐reported learning outcomes of the students who participated in the program were examined. In general, students reported increases in science interest and some knowledge gains. Students also reported they thought the program allowed them to engage in science. There were differences in student responses based on grade level, with intermediate elementary students more likely to report greater knowledge gains and more likely to see the educational value of the experience. Interestingly, middle school students were more likely to value the social aspects of the experience, another important aspect of ISE. This study provides some insight into the connections between the different ISE strands of informal science education and offers suggestions for future research. 相似文献
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Effect of Nitrogen Donor Disposition on Topology in Cobalt Isophthalate Coordination Polymers Containing Dipyridylamide Ligands 下载免费PDF全文
Cobalt coordination complexes containing a substituted isophthalate ligand and hydrogen‐bonding capable dipyridylamide ligands were prepared hydrothermally and structurally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. {[Co(nip)(3‐pina)]n ( 1 ) (nip = 5‐nitroisophthalate, 3‐pina = 3‐pyridylisonicotinamide) displays [Co(nip)]n 1D ribbon motifs with embedded {Co2(OCO)2} dimeric units, linked by L‐shaped 3‐pina tethers into a 3D [Co(nip)(3‐pina)]n coordination polymer network with pcu topology. In contrast, {[Co(nip)(4‐pmina)(H2O)] · H2O}n ( 2 ) (4‐pmina = 4‐pyridylmethylisonicotinamide) manifests a twofold interpenetrated 66 topology diamondoid network. {[Co(meoip)(3‐pina)]n ( 3 ) (meoip = 5‐methoxyisophthalate) has a dimer‐based 3D pcu network as seen in 1 . [Co(meoipH)2(4‐pmina)2(H2O)2] ( 4 ) contains neutral coordination complexes linked by hydrogen‐bonding into supramolecular ribbons. Thermal properties of these new solids were also investigated. 相似文献