Odd-Excited Binomial States of the Radiation Field and Some of Their Statistical Properties

In this paper a new state called odd-excited binomial state (OEBS) is introduced. It interpolates between the odd number state and the odd-excited coherent state. We discuss some statistical properties, such as the Glauber second-order correlation function and squeezing phenomenon (normal and amplitude-squared squeezing) for this state. The quasiprobability distribution functions (Husimi Q-function and Wigner W-function) are also examined.     

Quantum Properties of Odd Excited Negative Binomial States of the Radiation Field

The odd excited negative binomial states are introduced using the photon creation operator by repeated application on negative binomialstates. These states interpolate between the odd displaced Fock states and the odd excited pure thermal states. In this paper both squeezing phenomena (normal squeezing and amplitude squared squeezing) are discussed. Besides discussion of the Glauber second-order correlation function, investigations are carried out for the quasi-probability distribution functions (Wigner function and Q-function). Finally the Pegg-Barnett phase probability distribution is computed for these states.     

Benzoylacetone isonicotinoyl hydrazone complexes of divalent transition metals

Summary Benzoylacetone isonicotinoyl hydrazone has been prepared in two forms: yellow (BzH₂) and white (BzH₂·H₂O). Analytical, t.g.a., i.r. and n.m.r. results showed the yellow form to be a mixture of keto-enol tautomers, whereas the white form is a mixture of cis-trans enol tautomers. Complexes MBz (M = Ni, Cu, Zn and Pd), CoBz·H₂O and Cd(BzH)₂ have been isolated and characterized by physicochemical techniques.     

Studies on heterocyclic enamines: New syntheses of 4H-pyranes,pyranopyrazoles and pyranopyrimidines

The behaviour of several 2-amino-3-cyano-4H-pyran derivatives toward a variety of nucleophilic reagents is reported.     

Ca(NO3)2•4H2O-catalysed Biginelli Reaction: One-pot Synthesis of 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyrimidin-2-ones/pyrimidine-2-thiones under Solvent-free Conditions

The synthesis of 1,2,3,4-dihydropyrimidinone/thione derivatives was achieved in good to excellent yields using calcium(II) nitrate as catalyst to promote the Biginelli three-component condensation reaction from a diversity of aromatic aldehydes, β-keto compounds and urea or thiourea. The reaction was carried out under solvent-free conditions.     

Study of the dehydration of Portland Cement by Mössbauer spectrometry

Egyptian Portland Cement in the form of one inch cube was hydrated at different times of hydration. Nine cubes of each period of hydration were heated for five minutes 200, 300, 400 up to 1000°C then were quenched in air. The compressive strength was measured for these samples and related to unheated ones. These cubes were ground and measured by Mössbauer spectrometry to correlate the effect of dehydration of cement pastes on the states of iron, with the decrease of compressive strength. It was observed that starting from 400°C the central doublet characteristic of the hydration process decreased as the dehydration temperature was increased. At 1000°C the dehydration process was complete, the central doublet disappeared and the compressive strength vanished. The hydration process was found to be reversible. The application of Mössbauer spectrometry to estimate the degree of fire in concrete building was demonstrated.     

Reactions of copper acetylides. Structure of (π-C5H5)Ru(PPh3)2 (CCPh)CuCl,and new syntheses of transition metal cluster compounds

In contrast to a related iron—copper compound, the complex (π-C₅H₅)Ru(PPh₃)₂(C₂Ph)CuCl is shown to be monomeric, and contains linear dicoordinate copper(I); the reactions of this and similar complexes with metal carbonyls are sources of new mixed-metal clusters, such as (π-C₅H₅)Fe₂ Ru(C₂Ph)(CO)₆ (PPh₃).     

Solid reactions in Rubidium Carbonate-Vanadium Pentoxide system

The reactions between rubidium carbonate and vanadium pentoxide were performed at different high temperatures. Four reaction products of the compositions: I. Rb₂O · V₂O₅; II. 2 Rb₂O · V₂O₅; III. 3 Rb₂O · V₂O₅; and IV. Rb₂O · 4 V₂O₅ were obtained. According to the determination of Rb and the X-ray powder photographs of the products the existence of rubidium metavanadate (RbVO₃) and rubidium pyrovanadate (Rb₄V₂O₇) was confirmed. On the other hand, the preparation of a pure rubidium orthovanadate (Rb₃VO₄) and rubidium tetravanadate (Rb₂O · 4 V₂O₅) was not successful. The diffraction pattern of Rb₂O · V₂O₅ obeys hexagonal indexing with lattice dimensions a = 7.347 and c = 13.608 Å.     

New Group 6 metal carbonyl derivatives of 2-(2'(-pyridyl)benzimidazole: synthesis and spectroscopic studies

Reaction of Cr(CO)(6) with 2-(2'-pyridyl)benzimidazole (pbiH) under reduced pressure resulted in the formation of the dinuclear complex [Cr(2)(CO)(6)(pbiH)(2)]. Infra-red (IR) spectroscopy revealed the presence of terminal and bridge Cr-CO bonds. Interaction of M(CO)(6), M=Cr, Mo and W, with pbiH in the presence of 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) gave the tetracarbonyl complexes [M(CO)(4)(pbiH)].bpy. Spectroscopic studies of the complexes indicated the presence of hydrogen bonding between the bpy nitrogen and the NH group of pbiH. Reactions of M(CO)(6) with pbiH in the presence of PPh(3) gave the tricarbonyl monosubstituted derivatives [M(CO)(3)(PPh(3))(pbiH)]. The spectroscopic studies of the complexes suggested the proposed structures.